Lawgist Index
A comprehensive catalog of plain English legal translations.
Adoption
1 EntryAge Discrimination
1 EntryAir Quality
3 EntriesSmall Off-Road Engine (SORE) Regulations
Prohibits the sale of new gas-powered small engines (under 25 hp) commonly used in landscaping, such as lawn mowers and leaf blowers, forcing businesses to transition to zero-emission equipment.
Distributed Generation Sources (Part 222)
Sets emission limits for Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) for small-scale power generators (often used by businesses for demand response or backup) located in the NYC metropolitan area.
Advanced Clean Cars II (Part 218)
Mandates that all new passenger cars and light-duty trucks sold in NY be zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) by 2035, affecting small business fleet purchasing.
Anti-Discrimination
2 EntriesNew York City Human Rights Law (NYCHRL)
One of the most powerful anti-discrimination laws in the country, offering protections in NYC that exceed both State and Federal standards.
California Fair Employment and Housing Act (FEHA)
A broad state law that protects employees from discrimination, harassment, and retaliation based on a wide variety of protected characteristics including gender identity and expression.
Automotive
1 EntryBanking & Finance
1 EntryBiometric Data
1 EntryBusiness & Finance
15 EntriesTennessee No State Income Tax
Tennessee is one of the few U.S. states that levies absolutely zero state income tax on earned wages, salaries, or investment income.
Montana No Sales Tax
Montana is one of only five U.S. states that does not have a general statewide sales tax on consumer goods.
Wyoming DAO LLC Law (Crypto & Web3)
Wyoming was the first U.S. state to legally recognize Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) as a distinct form of Limited Liability Company (LLC), providing legal protection for crypto projects.
Delaware General Corporation Law (DGCL)
Over 60% of Fortune 500 companies are incorporated in Delaware because its corporate laws offer unparalleled liability protection and legal predictability for directors and executives.
South Dakota Asset Protection Trusts
South Dakota is a global haven for wealth storage because it allows 'Dynasty Trusts' that can last forever without paying state taxes, while shielding assets from creditors, lawsuits, and ex-spouses.
Washington No State Income Tax
Washington State does not levy a personal or corporate income tax, instead relying heavily on sales taxes and a Business and Occupation (B&O) gross receipts tax.
Texas No State Income Tax
The Texas Constitution explicitly forbids the state government from levying a personal income tax. This is considered a permanent feature of the state's economy.
Wyoming No Income Tax
Wyoming is considered the most tax-friendly state in the U.S. because it levies absolutely no personal income tax and no corporate income tax.
Nevada Legal Prostitution Laws
Nevada is the only U.S. state where prostitution is legally permitted, but it is strictly heavily regulated and only legal inside licensed brothels in specific rural counties.
New York LLC Transparency Act
To combat money laundering and tax evasion (often seen in luxury real estate), New York requires LLCs to report the actual human beings who own or control them to the state government.
Florida No State Income Tax
The Florida State Constitution explicitly bans the collection of personal income taxes, making it a highly popular destination for retirees and high earners.
Nevada No State Income Tax
Nevada is a true 'tax haven' state. It has no personal income tax, no corporate income tax, and no franchise tax.
Massachusetts 'Millionaires Tax' (Fair Share)
Voters amended the state constitution to impose an additional 4% tax on the portion of a person's annual personal income that exceeds $1 million.
Arizona Flat Income Tax Law
Arizona officially transitioned its state income tax system from a progressive, multi-bracket system to a single, low 'flat tax' rate for almost all residents.
Delaware Corporate Franchise Tax
Delaware does not charge a state sales tax, but it funds a massive portion of its state government by charging an annual 'Franchise Tax' to the hundreds of thousands of corporations registered there.
Child Support
1 EntryChild Welfare
1 EntryChildren's Privacy
1 EntryCivic & Government
16 EntriesSouth Carolina Heritage Act
The Heritage Act makes it extremely difficult to remove, rename, or alter historical monuments, statues, and street names located on public property in South Carolina.
Maine Ranked-Choice Voting Law
Maine uses a 'ranked-choice' voting system for most state and federal elections, meaning voters rank candidates by preference rather than picking just one.
Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend (PFD)
Alaska pays its residents an annual cash dividend simply for living in the state, funded by the state's oil and mineral revenues.
The Bank of North Dakota (State-Owned Bank)
North Dakota is the only state in the U.S. that owns and operates its own bank. By law, all state funds must be deposited in the Bank of North Dakota (BND).
Georgia Election Integrity Act (SB 202)
The Election Integrity Act of 2021 made sweeping changes to Georgia's voting laws, including new ID requirements for absentee ballots and strict rules around drop boxes.
Arizona SB 1070 (Immigration Enforcement)
SB 1070 was a highly controversial 2010 law that required Arizona police to determine the immigration status of anyone they stop or arrest if there is 'reasonable suspicion' they are in the U.S. illegally. Much of the law was later struck down by the US Supreme Court.
Pennsylvania Voter ID Laws
Unlike strict Voter ID states, Pennsylvania generally does NOT require you to show photo identification to vote, with one major exception for first-time voters.
Maine Right to Food Amendment
In 2021, Maine became the first state in the US to enshrine the 'Right to Food' directly into its state constitution, protecting individuals' rights to grow, raise, and harvest their own food.
Montana Right to a Clean Environment
Montana is one of only a few states that explicitly guarantees its citizens a fundamental constitutional right to a 'clean and healthful environment.' This was recently used by youth plaintiffs to successfully sue the state over climate change policies.
Texas SB 4 (Immigration Enforcement)
SB 4 makes it a state crime to illegally cross the border into Texas from Mexico, granting local and state police the unprecedented power to arrest and deport undocumented immigrants. *Note: This law is currently facing severe legal challenges in federal court.*
Florida Sunshine Law (Open Government)
Florida's 'Sunshine Law' is one of the most transparent open-government laws in the country, guaranteeing the public's right to attend government meetings and access public records.
Texas Vehicle Safety Inspection Repeal (HB 3297)
Starting January 1, 2025, Texas completely eliminated the mandatory annual vehicle safety inspection for non-commercial vehicles, replacing it with an annual fee.
New York Excelsior Scholarship (Free College)
New York was the first state to offer a tuition-free, four-year public college education to middle-class and low-income residents, but it comes with strict postgraduate residency strings attached.
Washington Keep Washington Working Act
This law essentially makes Washington a 'Sanctuary State.' It strictly prohibits local and state police from asking about immigration status or using local tax dollars to help federal ICE agents deport people.
Georgia 'No Excuse' Absentee Voting
Despite tightening ID requirements in 2021, Georgia remains a 'No Excuse' state for absentee voting, meaning any registered voter can request a mail-in ballot without needing a specific reason.
Alaska Ranked Choice Voting
Alaska uses a unique election system combining a nonpartisan 'Top Four' open primary with Ranked Choice Voting in the general election for state and federal offices.
Civil Rights
15 EntriesMichigan Elliott-Larsen Civil Rights Act
Michigan's premier civil rights law prohibits discrimination in employment, housing, and public accommodations based on religion, race, color, national origin, age, sex, height, weight, familial status, or marital status.
Indiana Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA)
Indiana's RFRA states that the government cannot 'substantially burden' a person's exercise of religion unless it has a compelling reason and uses the least restrictive means possible.
North Carolina Restroom Law (HB2/HB142)
North Carolina gained national attention for HB2 (the 'Bathroom Bill'), which required people to use public bathrooms corresponding to the sex on their birth certificate. While HB2 was repealed, its replacement (HB142) left restroom regulation solely to the state legislature.
Florida Stop WOKE Act (Individual Freedom Act)
This controversial Florida law restricts how workplaces and schools can teach or train individuals on topics related to race, color, sex, or national origin, particularly concepts associated with Critical Race Theory (CRT). *Note: Parts of this law affecting private businesses and universities are currently blocked by federal courts.*
New York Adult Survivors Act
The Adult Survivors Act created a one-year 'lookback window' (which closed in Nov 2023) that allowed adult victims of sexual abuse to file civil lawsuits against their abusers or the institutions that protected them, regardless of how long ago the abuse occurred.
California CROWN Act (Hair Discrimination)
California was the first state to pass the CROWN Act, which legally prohibits employers and public schools from discriminating against individuals based on their natural hair texture or protective hairstyles.
Colorado Enhance Law Enforcement Integrity Act
Following the 2020 protests, Colorado became the first state to completely eliminate the defense of 'Qualified Immunity' for local police officers facing civil rights lawsuits under state law.
Texas University DEI Ban (SB 17)
Texas SB 17 legally bans all public colleges and universities in the state from having Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) offices or staff, and prohibits mandatory diversity training.
Washington Police Pursuit Law (Init. 2113)
After severely restricting police chases in 2021, Washington voters passed Initiative 2113 in 2024 to restore the ability of police officers to engage in high-speed vehicular pursuits under broader circumstances.
Massachusetts Police Reform Law
In 2020, Massachusetts passed comprehensive police reform that created a mandatory certification system for all police officers and strictly limited the use of force, including banning chokeholds.
Illinois Ban on Book Bans
In 2023, Illinois became the first state in the nation to explicitly outlaw the practice of banning books in public libraries and public school libraries for partisan or doctrinal reasons.
Tennessee Adult Cabaret (Drag Show) Ban
Tennessee attempted to legally ban 'adult cabaret performances' (which explicitly included male or female impersonators/drag shows) from taking place on public property or anywhere minors could see them. *Note: A federal judge struck this law down as unconstitutional.*
Mississippi Religious Liberty Accommodations Act (HB 1523)
HB 1523 legally protects businesses, religious organizations, and state employees from being punished or sued if they refuse to provide services to LGBTQ+ individuals based on three specific religious beliefs.
Maryland Repeal of Police Bill of Rights
Maryland was the first state in the U.S. to completely repeal its 'Law Enforcement Officers' Bill of Rights' (LEOBR), stripping away special legal protections that made it difficult to investigate or fire abusive police officers.
New York State Human Rights Law (NYSHRL)
Prohibits discrimination in employment and extends protections to all employers regardless of size, specifically strengthening laws against sexual harassment.
Civil Rights / Housing
1 EntryCommercial/Breeding
1 EntryComprehensive Privacy
2 EntriesCalifornia Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) / CPRA
The most comprehensive data privacy law in the US, granting residents control over their personal information and how businesses collect and share it.
Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA)
Provides Virginia residents with rights regarding their personal data and imposes duties on 'controllers' and 'processors' of that data.
Concealed Carry
6 EntriesConcealed Carry Weapon (CCW) Licensing
California is a 'shall-issue' state following the Bruen decision, but maintains strict training, background check, and interview requirements for a CCW permit.
Sensitive Places Restriction (SB 2)
SB 2 designates numerous public and private locations as 'sensitive places' where carrying a firearm is prohibited, even for CCW holders (Note: Parts currently subject to litigation).
Firearm Carry Act of 2021 (Permitless Carry)
Allows individuals 21 and older who can legally possess a firearm to carry a handgun in public (concealed or in a holster) without a state-issued permit.
Campus Carry (SB 11)
Permit holders (LTC) may carry concealed handguns on the campuses of public universities, subject to specific 'gun-free' zones designated by the institution.
Permitless Concealed Carry (HB 543)
As of July 1, 2023, eligible citizens can carry a concealed weapon without a permit, provided they carry valid identification.
Possession in Private Conveyance
Individuals may possess a firearm inside a private vehicle without a permit, provided it is 'securely encased' or not readily accessible for immediate use.
Consumer Credit
2 EntriesFair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)
The FCRA regulates how consumer reporting agencies use, collect, and share personal information in consumer reports.
Truth in Lending Act (TILA)
A law designed to promote the informed use of consumer credit by requiring disclosures about its terms and cost.
Consumer Credit & Privacy
1 EntryConsumer Finance
1 EntryConsumer Privacy & Finance
1 EntryConsumer Protection
86 EntriesCalifornia Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
The CCPA gives Californians the right to know what personal data companies collect about them, the right to delete that data, and the right to stop companies from selling their data.
The Florida Lemon Law (Defective Vehicles)
The Florida Lemon Law protects you if you buy or lease a new car that turns out to have chronic, unfixable defects (a 'lemon') within the first 24 months of ownership.
Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA)
Illinois has the strictest biometric privacy law in the US. Companies cannot collect your fingerprints, face scans, or voiceprints without your explicit written consent.
Ohio Consumer Sales Practices Act (CSPA)
The Ohio CSPA protects consumers from unfair, deceptive, or unconscionable acts by businesses before, during, or after a transaction. It heavily regulates things like car repairs and misleading advertisements.
Washington State Consumer Protection Act
The Washington Consumer Protection Act broadly outlaws unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in the conduct of any trade or commerce.
Vermont GMO Labeling Law (Act 120)
Vermont was the first U.S. state to pass a law requiring all food manufacturers to clearly label foods that were produced with genetic engineering (GMOs), though this was later preempted by federal law.
Massachusetts Automotive Right to Repair
Massachusetts requires automakers to provide independent mechanics and vehicle owners with the same diagnostic tools, software, and repair data that they provide to their official dealerships.
Colorado Agricultural Right to Repair Act
Colorado was the first state to guarantee farmers the legal right to repair their own tractors, combines, and agricultural equipment without being forced to use the manufacturer's authorized dealers.
New York Digital Fair Repair Act
New York was the first state to require electronics manufacturers (like Apple and Samsung) to make diagnostic tools, parts, and repair manuals available to independent repair shops and consumers.
New Jersey Self-Serve Gas Ban
New Jersey is the last state in the U.S. where it is entirely illegal to pump your own gas at a retail gas station.
Oregon Self-Serve Gas Law
After 72 years, Oregon finally legalized self-serve gas statewide in 2023, but heavily populated counties still require stations to offer full-service pumps.
Michigan No-Fault Auto Insurance
Michigan has a unique 'No-Fault' auto insurance system where your own insurance company pays for your medical bills and lost wages after a car accident, regardless of who caused the crash.
Connecticut Data Privacy Act (CTDPA)
The CTDPA gives Connecticut residents broad rights to control their personal data, including the right to opt-out of targeted advertising and the sale of their data.
California Animal Fur Ban
In 2023, California became the first state in the nation to completely ban the sale, display, and manufacturing of new animal fur products.
Kentucky Consumer Data Protection Act (KCDPA)
Going into effect in 2026, the KCDPA gives Kentucky residents specific rights to control how their personal digital data is collected, used, and sold by large businesses.
California Right to Repair Act (SB 244)
Starting in July 2024, California has the strongest electronics Right to Repair law in the nation, forcing manufacturers to supply parts, tools, and manuals to consumers and independent repair shops for up to 7 years.
Florida Digital Bill of Rights (FDBR)
The FDBR gives Floridians control over their digital footprint, primarily targeting massive tech monopolies (like Google and Meta) by forcing them to allow users to opt-out of data collection and targeted advertising.
Texas Dram Shop Act (Alcohol Liability)
In Texas, bars, restaurants, and stores can be sued and held financially responsible if they sell alcohol to an obviously intoxicated person who then causes a drunk driving accident.
California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA)
Passed by voters as Prop 24, the CPRA massively expands the CCPA, creating a dedicated state privacy agency and giving consumers the right to correct their data and restrict how 'sensitive' data is used.
Texas Deregulated Electricity Market
Most of Texas operates on a deregulated energy grid (ERCOT). This means consumers are legally required to choose their own private retail electricity provider, rather than having a single government-assigned utility company.
Utah 'Zion Curtain' & Alcohol Laws
Utah has some of the strictest and most unusual alcohol laws in the U.S., heavily influenced by the state's religious demographics, though the infamous 'Zion Curtain' rule has been modified.
Massachusetts Data Security Regulation (201 CMR 17.00)
Massachusetts mandates some of the strictest cybersecurity standards in the US for any business that owns or licenses the personal information of a Massachusetts resident.
California Proposition 12 (Farm Animal Cruelty)
Prop 12 bans the extreme confinement of farm animals. It makes it illegal to sell pork, veal, or eggs in California if the animals were raised in cages so small they cannot turn around.
New York SHIELD Act (Data Security)
The Stop Hacks and Improve Electronic Data Security (SHIELD) Act forces any business holding the private data of a New York resident to implement strict cybersecurity safeguards.
Texas Lemon Law
The Texas Lemon Law helps consumers who buy or lease new motor vehicles that have repeated, unfixable defects covered by the manufacturer's written warranty.
Washington My Health My Data Act
The MHMD Act is a massive privacy law passed to protect people seeking abortions or gender-affirming care. It strictly regulates how any app or website collects and sells consumer health data.
Colorado Retail Delivery Fee
Colorado imposes a mandatory flat fee on all retail deliveries made by motor vehicle to a location in the state, in order to fund road repairs and green transit initiatives.
Utah Social Media Regulation Act
Utah passed a first-in-the-nation law requiring social media companies to verify the age of all users in the state and severely restricting how minors can use their platforms. *Note: Parts of this are currently blocked by federal courts on First Amendment grounds.*
Pennsylvania State Store Liquor Laws
Pennsylvania has some of the strictest alcohol monopolies in the country, operating as a 'Control State' where the government owns and operates all retail liquor stores.
Florida Stop Social Media Censorship Act
Florida attempted to legally ban major social media companies (like Facebook and Twitter) from 'deplatforming' or banning political candidates in the state. *Note: The US Supreme Court largely blocked this law from taking effect.*
Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA)
Virginia was the second state in the U.S. (after California) to pass a comprehensive data privacy law giving consumers the right to control how companies collect and sell their personal information.
Texas Social Media Law (HB 20)
Texas HB 20 makes it illegal for large social media platforms (like Facebook and X) to ban users or remove posts based on the user's political viewpoint. *Note: The US Supreme Court largely blocked this law from taking effect in 2024.*
New York Ban on Declawing Cats
New York was the first U.S. state to ban the controversial practice of declawing cats, a procedure that involves amputating the last bone of each toe.
Rhode Island Automatic Renewal (Subscription) Law
Rhode Island law protects consumers from 'subscription traps.' It requires businesses to make it incredibly easy to cancel online subscriptions and free trials before they automatically renew.
Florida Telemarketing Act
Regulates telephonic sales calls, requiring registration for telemarketers and prohibiting certain deceptive practices.
New York General Business Law Article 29-H (Debt Collection Procedures)
Establishes procedures for certain debt collection activities, aiming to prevent harassment and abuse by debt collectors.
Illinois Payday Loan Reform Act
Regulates payday loans and title loans to protect consumers from predatory lending practices, setting limits on loan amounts, terms, and fees.
Illinois Home Repair and Remodeling Act
Requires contractors to provide written contracts and specific disclosures for home repair or remodeling work over a certain amount.
New York General Business Law § 349 (Deceptive Acts and Practices)
Prohibits deceptive acts or practices in the conduct of any business, trade, or commerce in New York State.
Florida Gift Certificate Act
Regulates the expiration dates and fees associated with gift certificates and gift cards in Florida.
New York Price Gouging Law (General Business Law § 396-r)
Prohibits excessive price increases for essential consumer goods and services during abnormal disruptions of the market, such as emergencies.
Florida Deceptive and Unfair Trade Practices Act (FDUTPA)
Prohibits unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in the conduct of any trade or commerce in Florida.
New York New Car Lemon Law
Provides remedies for consumers who purchase or lease new vehicles that turn out to be substantially defective and cannot be repaired after a reasonable number of attempts.
Illinois Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act (ICFA)
Prohibits unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices, including fraud, false pretenses, or misrepresentation, in any trade or commerce.
Federal Trade Commission Act (Section 5)
Prohibits unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce, giving the FTC authority to protect consumers from fraud and unfair business tactics.
Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)
Regulates the collection, dissemination, and use of consumer information, including consumer credit information.
Consumer Rights Act 2015
Consolidates and simplifies consumer rights regarding the sale of goods, services, and digital content.
Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act
The federal statute that governs warranties on consumer products and prevents manufacturers from using deceptive warranty terms.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
Provides California residents with increased control over the personal information that businesses collect about them.
Truth in Lending Act (TILA)
Protects consumers against inaccurate and unfair credit billing and credit card practices by requiring lenders to provide standardized info about costs.
Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)
Regulates how consumer reporting agencies use your information and ensures the accuracy and privacy of credit reports.
Truth in Lending Act (TILA)
Promotes the informed use of consumer credit by requiring disclosures about its terms and cost.
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA)
Eliminates abusive debt collection practices by debt collectors and provides consumers with a means for challenging debt payoffs.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A regulation on data protection and privacy in the European Union and the European Economic Area.
Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA)
Restricts telemarketing calls and the use of automated telephone equipment like robocalls and autodialers.
Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA)
Gives the government the power to develop safety standards and pursue recalls for products that present unreasonable risks of injury.
Federal Trade Commission Act Section 5
Prohibits businesses from engaging in unfair or misleading practices that harm consumers or competition.
Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)
Regulates how credit reporting agencies collect and share consumer information to ensure accuracy and privacy.
Truth in Lending Act (TILA)
Ensures consumers are fully informed about the costs and terms of credit before entering into a loan agreement.
Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA)
Restricts telemarketing, robocalls, and the use of automated telephone equipment to protect consumer privacy.
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA)
Prevents third-party debt collectors from using abusive, deceptive, or unfair tactics to collect debts.
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
Places parents in control over what information is collected online from their children under the age of 13.
Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act
The federal law that governs consumer product warranties, ensuring warranties are clear and easy to understand.
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA)
Prohibits debt collectors from using abusive, unfair, or deceptive practices to collect debts from consumers.
Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA)
Restricts telemarketing calls and the use of automated telephone equipment like autodialers and prerecorded messages.
Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)
Regulates the collection, dissemination, and use of consumer information, including consumer credit information, to ensure accuracy and privacy.
Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act
Prevents manufacturers from using misleading or confusing warranties and sets standards for what must be disclosed in a written warranty.
Truth in Lending Act (TILA)
Requires lenders to provide clear and standardized disclosures about the terms and costs of credit to help consumers compare options.
Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA)
Restricts telemarketing calls, the use of automatic telephone dialing systems, and artificial or prerecorded voice messages.
Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA)
Established the Consumer Product Safety Commission and gave it authority to develop safety standards and pursue recalls for defective products.
Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing (CAN-SPAM) Act
A federal law that sets the rules for commercial email and provides consumers with the right to stop receiving unwanted marketing messages.
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA)
A law designed to eliminate abusive, deceptive, and unfair debt collection practices by third-party collectors.
The Consumer Contracts (Information, Cancellation and Additional Charges) Regulations 2013
Regulations that govern how goods and services are sold online or via phone, providing consumers with a cooling-off period to cancel contracts.
Consumer Guarantees Act 1993
A law ensuring that goods and services sold in New Zealand meet specific quality guarantees and providing remedies when they do not.
Product Liability Directive (85/374/EEC)
Establishes the principle of strict liability for producers when a defective product causes injury or property damage to a consumer.
Truth in Lending Act (TILA)
A federal law that requires lenders to provide standard disclosures about credit terms and costs so consumers can compare offers.
Federal Trade Commission Act - Section 5
Prohibits unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce.
Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act
Governs warranties on consumer products, requiring they be easy to read and provide detailed information about coverage.
Consumer Product Safety Act
Establishes the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and gives it the power to develop safety standards and pursue recalls for dangerous products.
CAN-SPAM Act
Sets rules for commercial email, establishes requirements for commercial messages, and gives recipients the right to stop them.
Credit CARD Act of 2009
Provides transparency in credit card rates and fees and limits how companies can increase interest rates.
Electronic Fund Transfer Act (EFTA)
Establishes the rights and liabilities of consumers as well as the responsibilities of all participants in electronic fund transfer systems.
Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)
Regulates the collection, dissemination, and use of consumer information, including consumer credit information, to ensure fairness, accuracy, and privacy.
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA)
Prohibits debt collectors from using abusive, unfair, or deceptive practices to collect debts from consumers.
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
Imposes requirements on operators of websites or online services directed to children under 13 years of age regarding the collection of personal information.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Protects the privacy and security of health information and grants patients rights over their medical records.
Consumer Speech
1 EntryCopyright
8 EntriesDigital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
Addresses digital copyright issues, including the circumvention of access controls and the liability of online service providers.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
The DMCA protects digital content and provides 'safe harbor' for internet service providers against liability for user-generated copyright infringement, provided they comply with takedown procedures.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
A federal law that criminalizes the production and dissemination of technology, devices, or services intended to circumvent digital rights management (DRM) and provides a 'safe harbor' for online service providers.
Copyright Act of 1976
The primary federal statute governing copyright in the United States, establishing the rights of creators and the duration of protection.
Visual Artists Rights Act of 1990 (VARA)
Grants authors of visual art 'moral rights' to protect the integrity of their work and their reputation as creators.
Copyright Term Extension Act (CTEA)
Extended the duration of copyright protection by 20 years for works created both before and after its enactment.
Copyright Act of 1976
The primary law governing copyright in the U.S., protecting original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression.
Copyright Term Extension Act
Extended the duration of copyright protection in the U.S. by 20 years for both individual and corporate authors.
Copyright / Moral Rights
1 EntryCopyright Law
3 EntriesDigital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
The DMCA addresses the relationship between copyright and the internet, establishing 'safe harbor' for online service providers and prohibiting the circumvention of digital locks (DRM).
Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
An international agreement governing copyright, requiring signatories to recognize the copyright of works from other signatory nations in the same way they recognize their own.
Copyright Act of 1976
The primary basis of copyright law in the United States, protecting original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression.
Copyright/Digital
1 EntryCredit and Finance
1 EntryCriminal
2 EntriesGrace's Law 2.0 (HB 396)
An expansion of the original Grace's Law, it makes it a crime to use social media or electronic communication to maliciously engage in a course of conduct that inflicts serious emotional distress on a minor.
A.R.S. § 13-2916
Defines the use of an electronic communication device to terrify, intimidate, threaten or harass as a criminal offense.
Criminal / Education
1 EntryCriminal Law
27 EntriesNew York Marijuana Legalization (MRTA)
Under the Marijuana Regulation and Taxation Act (MRTA), it is legal for adults 21 and older to possess, use, and grow specific amounts of cannabis in New York State.
Arizona Smart and Safe Act (Prop 207)
Proposition 207 legalized the recreational use, possession, and cultivation of marijuana for adults aged 21 and older in Arizona.
Nevada Legal Marijuana (Question 2)
Nevada allows adults 21 and older to possess, purchase, and consume marijuana, but strictly prohibits smoking it in public or while driving.
Oregon Measure 110 (Drug Decriminalization)
In 2020, Oregon became the first state to decriminalize the personal possession of all drugs, treating addiction as a health issue rather than a criminal one.
Illinois SAFE-T Act (No Cash Bail)
Illinois became the first U.S. state to completely eliminate the cash bail system. Whether you sit in jail before your trial is now based entirely on the risk you pose, not how much money you have.
Alaska Recreational Marijuana (Measure 2)
Alaska has some of the most permissive marijuana laws in the U.S., largely due to the state's strong constitutional right to privacy within the home.
New York Bail Reform Act
New York significantly altered its criminal justice system by eliminating cash bail for most misdemeanors and non-violent felonies, though the law has been heavily amended since its passing.
Indiana Hate Crimes Law
Indiana was one of the last states to pass a hate crimes law. It allows judges to increase the sentence of a convicted criminal if the crime was motivated by bias against certain protected traits.
Virginia Legal Marijuana Laws
In 2021, Virginia became the first Southern state to legalize the personal possession and home cultivation of recreational marijuana for adults 21 and older, though retail sales are not yet legally established.
Illinois Legal Recreational Marijuana
Illinois legalized the recreational sale and use of marijuana in 2020. It was the first state to do so entirely through the state legislature rather than a voter ballot initiative.
Ohio Legal Recreational Marijuana (Issue 2)
In November 2023, Ohio voters passed Issue 2, legalizing the recreational use and home cultivation of marijuana for adults 21 and older.
New York Clean Slate Act
Starting in late 2024, the Clean Slate Act automatically seals many criminal records in New York after a certain period of time, allowing formerly incarcerated people to get jobs and housing without discrimination.
Pennsylvania Clean Slate Law
Pennsylvania was the first state to pass a 'Clean Slate' law, automatically sealing the criminal records of individuals with minor, non-violent convictions after they stay out of trouble for 10 years.
California Proposition 64 (Legal Marijuana)
Prop 64 legalized the recreational use, possession, and cultivation of marijuana for adults 21 and older in California.
Colorado Prop 122 (Legal Psychedelics)
In 2022, Colorado voters passed Proposition 122, legalizing the personal use, possession, and cultivation of certain psychedelic plants and fungi (like 'magic mushrooms') for adults 21 and older.
New Jersey Criminal Justice Reform Act (Bail)
New Jersey largely eliminated the use of money bail. Instead of making you pay to get out of jail, a judge uses a risk assessment algorithm to decide if you are safe to release before trial.
Virginia Abolishes the Death Penalty
In 2021, Virginia became the first Southern state to completely abolish the death penalty. It was a historic shift for a state that had previously executed more people than any other state in U.S. history.
Texas Open Container Law
Texas law strictly forbids having an open container of alcohol in the passenger area of a motor vehicle on a public highway, regardless of whether the vehicle is parked or moving.
California Proposition 47 (Shoplifting)
Prop 47 was a voter-approved initiative that downgraded many non-violent property and drug crimes from felonies to misdemeanors to reduce prison overcrowding.
Connecticut Legal Recreational Marijuana
Connecticut legalized the recreational use, possession, and retail sale of cannabis for adults 21 and older, while also automatically erasing hundreds of thousands of past low-level marijuana convictions.
Maine Legal Recreational Marijuana
Maine legalized the recreational use, possession, and cultivation of marijuana in 2016, and has one of the most generous home-grow allowances in the country.
Florida Justifiable Use of Force (Stand Your Ground)
A person who is not engaged in unlawful activity and is attacked in any place where they have a right to be has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand their ground and meet force with force.
Texas Castle Doctrine and Use of Force
Presumes the use of force is reasonable if someone is unlawfully and with force entering or attempting to enter your occupied habitation, vehicle, or place of business.
New York Justification and Duty to Retreat
In New York, a person may not use deadly physical force if they know they can retreat with complete safety, except when in their own home or preventing certain violent felonies.
California Self-Defense and No Duty to Retreat
While not a statutory 'Stand Your Ground' state, California jury instructions establish that a person being attacked has the right to stand their ground and pursue an assailant until the danger has passed.
Ohio Self-Defense Burden of Proof Shift
The burden of proof is on the prosecution to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that a person did not act in self-defense, provided the defendant presents evidence tending to support the claim.
UK Criminal Justice and Immigration Act (Self-Defence)
Provides a statutory footing for the common law defense of self-defence, specifying that a person may use such force as is reasonable in the circumstances as they believed them to be.
DUI/DWI Prevention
1 EntryData Breach Notification
1 EntryData Privacy
86 EntriesGeneral Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive regulation that sets a high standard for data protection and privacy for all individuals within the European Union and the European Economic Area.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
A state-level law that grants California residents significant control over the personal information that businesses collect about them.
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)
The federal privacy law for private-sector organizations in Canada that sets out rules for how businesses must handle personal information in commercial activities.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD)
Brazil's comprehensive data protection law that regulates the processing of personal data of individuals in Brazil, regardless of the processor's location.
Privacy Act 1988
The primary piece of Australian legislation protecting the privacy of individuals and regulating how personal information is handled by government agencies and private organizations.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive regulation that governs data protection and privacy for all individuals within the European Union and the European Economic Area, also addressing the transfer of personal data outside these areas.
Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA)
A law that governs the collection, use, and disclosure of personal data by organizations in Singapore, ensuring that individuals' data is protected while recognizing the need of organizations to use data for legitimate purposes.
Personal Information Protection Act (PIPA)
One of the world's strictest data protection laws, regulating the processing of personal information by both public and private sector entities in South Korea.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data privacy law that gives individuals control over their personal data and regulates how businesses process that data.
General Data Protection Regulation
The primary EU regulation on data protection. Key Terms: 1. Data Subject: The individual whose personal data is being processed. 2. Data Controller: The entity determining the purposes and means of processing data. 3. Right to Erasure: The right for individuals to have their data deleted.
California Consumer Privacy Act
A state statute intended to enhance privacy rights and consumer protection for residents of California. Key Terms: 1. Personal Information: Information that identifies or relates to a particular consumer. 2. Sale: Any transfer of personal info for monetary or other valuable consideration. 3. Opt-out: The right to stop a business from selling your information.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados
Brazil's comprehensive data protection law. Key Terms: 1. Treatment: Any operation carried out with personal data (collection, storage, use). 2. Anonymization: Use of technical means to ensure data cannot be linked to an individual. 3. Legal Basis: A justification required by law to process personal data.
Protection of Personal Information Act
Legislation to promote the protection of personal information processed by public and private bodies. Key Terms: 1. Responsible Party: The entity that decides why and how to process data. 2. Operator: A person who processes data for a responsible party. 3. De-identify: To delete information that identifies a data subject.
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act
The federal privacy law for private-sector organizations in Canada. Key Terms: 1. Commercial Activity: Any transaction or act that is of a commercial character. 2. Meaningful Consent: Organizations must state why they need data in a way people can understand. 3. Personal Information: Info about an identifiable individual.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data protection law that regulates how personal data of individuals in the EU is collected, used, and stored by businesses.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
A landmark law that provides California residents with various rights regarding how businesses handle their personal information, including the right to know what data is collected and the right to delete it.
Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA)
Establishes a framework for personal data protection in Virginia, requiring businesses to conduct data protection assessments and providing consumers with rights to access and correct their data.
Colorado Privacy Act (CPA)
The CPA grants Colorado residents rights over their personal data and places specific duties on data controllers regarding data security and transparency.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
A federal law that required the creation of national standards to protect sensitive patient health information from being disclosed without the patient's consent or knowledge.
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
Imposes requirements on operators of websites or online services directed to children under 13 years of age regarding the collection of personal information.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD)
Brazil's comprehensive data protection law that regulates the processing of personal data of individuals in Brazil, regardless of where the data processor is located.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD)
A unified legal framework for the use and processing of personal data of individuals located in Brazil, regardless of where the data processor is located.
Utah Consumer Privacy Act (UCPA)
A consumer-friendly privacy law that outlines the responsibilities of data controllers and processors while providing residents with data control.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data protection framework that governs how the personal data of individuals in the EU can be collected, used, and processed by organizations worldwide.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
Provides California residents with greater control over the personal information that businesses collect about them, including the right to opt-out of the sale of their data.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Federal law that required the creation of national standards to protect sensitive patient health information from being disclosed without the patient's consent or knowledge.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD)
Brazil's primary data protection law which regulates the processing of personal data of all individuals located in Brazil, regardless of where the data processor is headquartered.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data privacy and security law that imposes obligations onto organizations anywhere, so long as they target or collect data related to people in the EU.
Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA)
Establishes a framework for personal data rights in Virginia, requiring businesses to provide consumers with notice and the ability to opt-out of certain data uses.
Colorado Privacy Act (CPA)
Provides Colorado residents with rights regarding their personal data and requires entities to follow specific data protection duties.
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)
The federal privacy law for private-sector organizations in Canada that sets out ground rules for how businesses must handle personal information.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data privacy law that regulates how companies collect, use, and store personal data of individuals within the European Union, imposing strict requirements on data handling and cross-border transfers.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
A state statute intended to enhance privacy rights and consumer protection for residents of California, providing residents with control over their personal information.
Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA)
Governs the collection, use, and storage of biometric identifiers and information by private entities in Illinois.
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)
The federal privacy law for private-sector organizations in Canada that sets out ground rules for how businesses handle personal information in the course of commercial activity.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD)
A comprehensive data protection law that unifies over 40 different statutes in Brazil to regulate the processing of data of individuals within the country.
Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA)
A state-level privacy framework that provides Virginia consumers with specific rights and requires businesses to adhere to data minimization and security practices.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data protection framework that governs how the personal data of individuals in the EU is collected, used, and stored, applying to any organization worldwide that targets or collects data from EU residents.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
A state statute intended to enhance privacy rights and consumer protection for residents of California, giving them more control over the personal information businesses collect.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD)
Brazil's primary data protection law which creates a legal framework for the use of personal data of individuals regardless of where the data processor is located.
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)
The federal privacy law for private-sector organizations in Canada that sets out ground rules for how businesses must handle personal information in the course of commercial activity.
Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA)
A comprehensive data privacy law in Virginia that grants consumers rights over their data and imposes duties on businesses to protect that data.
Act on the Protection of Personal Information (APPI)
The central data privacy law in Japan that regulates the handling of personal information by business operators, including cross-border data transfers.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data privacy law that regulates how companies collect, use, and share the personal data of individuals within the EU.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
Provides California residents with significant control over the personal data that businesses collect about them.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data privacy law that regulates how personal data of individuals in the EU is collected and processed.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
Provides California residents with the right to know what personal information is being collected and the right to stop its sale.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive privacy law that regulates how the personal data of individuals in the EU is collected, used, and protected, applying to any organization worldwide that targets or collects data from EU residents.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
A state statute intended to enhance privacy rights and consumer protection for residents of California, giving them more control over the personal information that businesses collect about them.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD)
Brazil's primary data protection law that creates a legal framework for the use of personal data of individuals in Brazil, regardless of where the data processor is located.
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)
A federal law governing how private-sector organizations collect, use, and disclose personal information in the course of for-profit, commercial activities in Canada.
Personal Information Protection Act (PIPA)
One of the world's strictest data protection regimes, governing the processing of personal information by almost all entities and individuals in South Korea.
Act on the Protection of Personal Information (APPI)
The central data privacy law in Japan that regulates the handling of personal information by private enterprises.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data protection framework that sets a high standard for how the personal data of EU citizens is collected, processed, and stored by organizations worldwide.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
A state-level law that provides California residents with various rights regarding their personal information and regulates how businesses handle that data.
Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA)
Governs the collection, storage, and usage of biometric identifiers, such as fingerprints, facial scans, and retina scans by private entities.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD)
Brazil's comprehensive regulatory framework for the protection of personal data, heavily inspired by the GDPR.
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)
Applies to private-sector organizations across Canada that collect, use, or disclose personal information in the course of commercial activities.
Act on the Protection of Personal Information (APPI)
The primary law in Japan regulating the handling of personal data by business operators, including cross-border data transfers.
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)
Federal privacy law for private-sector organizations in Canada that sets out rules for how businesses handle personal information in the course of commercial activity.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data protection framework that governs how the personal data of individuals in the EU is collected, processed, and stored.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
A state statute intended to enhance privacy rights and consumer protection for residents of California.
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
Regulates the collection of personal information from children under the age of 13 by operators of websites and online services.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD)
Brazil's comprehensive data protection law that creates a legal framework for the use of personal data of individuals in Brazil.
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
Imposes requirements on operators of websites or online services directed to children under 13 years of age regarding data collection.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data protection law that regulates how the personal data of EU citizens is collected, used, and protected globally.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
A state-level law providing California residents with increased control and transparency regarding their personal information held by businesses.
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)
Federal legislation governing how private-sector organizations handle personal information during commercial activities.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD)
Brazil's primary legal framework for the protection of personal data, largely modeled after the European GDPR.
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
A federal law designed to protect the privacy of children under the age of 13 by regulating websites and online services.
HIPAA Privacy Rule
Establishes national standards for the protection of certain health information, ensuring patient records are kept confidential.
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)
A federal law that sets the rules for how private-sector organizations collect, use, and disclose personal information in the course of commercial business.
Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA)
South Africa's primary data protection law that regulates the processing of personal information by public and private bodies.
Utah Consumer Privacy Act (UCPA)
A state-level law giving Utah residents more control over their personal data when interacting with large-scale businesses.
Connecticut Data Privacy Act (CTDPA)
A comprehensive data privacy statute that mandates strict data minimization and provides residents with specific data control rights.
Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA)
The baseline law for personal data protection in Singapore, governing the collection, use, and disclosure of data by organizations.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
Grants California consumers robust control over the personal information that businesses collect about them.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data protection framework that governs how the personal data of individuals in the EU is collected, used, and protected, applying to any organization worldwide that targets or collects data related to people in the EU.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD)
Brazil's comprehensive data protection law that aligns closely with the GDPR, establishing rules for the processing of personal data of individuals located in Brazil.
HIPAA Privacy Rule
Federal standards to protect individuals' medical records and other personal health information, applying to health plans, health care clearinghouses, and health care providers.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
Provides California residents with transparency and control over how businesses collect and use their personal information, including the right to opt-out of data sales.
Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA)
A comprehensive state privacy law that grants Virginia consumers rights over their data and imposes obligations on data controllers and processors.
Colorado Privacy Act (CPA)
Establishes a framework for personal data protection in Colorado, requiring businesses to implement security safeguards and honor consumer privacy requests.
Privacy Act 1988
The primary federal law regulating how Australian government agencies and many private sector organizations handle personal information.
Act on the Protection of Personal Information (APPI)
Japan's core privacy law regulating the handling of personal information by private enterprises, significantly amended to align with international standards.
Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA)
Thailand's first comprehensive data protection law, modeled after the GDPR, governing the collection, use, and disclosure of personal data.
Data Privacy & Cybersecurity
1 EntryDebt Collection
3 EntriesFair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA)
This law prohibits debt collectors from using abusive, unfair, or deceptive practices to collect debts.
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA)
This law prohibits debt collectors from using abusive, deceptive, or unfair practices to collect debts from consumers.
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA)
Prohibits debt collectors from using abusive, unfair, or deceptive practices to collect debts from consumers.
Digital Privacy
2 EntriesCAN-SPAM Act of 2003
Establishes requirements for commercial messages, gives recipients the right to have you stop emailing them, and spells out tough penalties for violations.
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
Provides California residents with various rights regarding their personal information collected by businesses.
Disability Rights
1 EntryDistracted Driving
1 EntryDivorce
1 EntryEducation
6 EntriesJeffrey Johnston Stand Up for All Students Act
Prohibits bullying and cyberbullying of any public K-12 student or employee, requiring school districts to establish a policy and reporting system.
Anti-Bullying Bill of Rights Act
Widely considered one of the strictest anti-bullying laws in the U.S., it mandates specific reporting procedures and timelines for all incidents of harassment, intimidation, and bullying (HIB).
Dignity for All Students Act (DASA)
Prohibits harassment, discrimination, and bullying (including cyberbullying) by employees or students on school property or at school functions.
Georgia O.C.G.A. § 20-2-751.7
Defines bullying in Georgia schools and mandates that local boards of education adopt policies prohibiting bullying, including acts of cyberbullying.
Matt's Safe School Law
Requires Michigan school districts to adopt a policy prohibiting bullying and cyberbullying and provides a framework for reporting and investigating such incidents.
Illinois Bullying Prevention Law
Requires schools to create and maintain policies that address bullying, specifically including cyberbullying that originates from off-campus electronic devices.
Education / Anti-Bullying
1 EntryEducation Privacy
1 EntryElectronic Communication
1 EntryElectronic Marketing
1 EntryEmployment & Labor
46 EntriesCalifornia Overtime Pay Regulations
California has the strictest overtime rules in the US. You must be paid 'time and a half' for any work over 8 hours in a single day, and 'double time' for anything over 12 hours.
Paid Family Leave Rights in New York
New York workers have a right to up to 12 weeks of paid, job-protected leave to bond with a child or care for a sick family member.
Texas 'Right to Work' Laws
Texas is a 'Right to Work' state. This means you cannot be forced to join a labor union or pay union dues as a condition of getting or keeping a job.
The 'Freelance Isn't Free' Act in New York
New York protects freelance workers and independent contractors by requiring written contracts for work over $800 and mandating that clients pay them on time.
New York Pay Transparency Law
Employers in New York with 4 or more employees are legally required to include the minimum and maximum salary or hourly wage in any job advertisement.
California Independent Contractor Law (AB 5)
California's AB 5 law uses the strict 'ABC Test' to determine if a worker is an employee or an independent contractor. It is very difficult for a California company to classify a worker as a contractor.
Ohio At-Will Employment & Exceptions
Ohio is an 'at-will' employment state. This means an employer can fire you at any time, for any reason, with no notice. However, there are significant legal exceptions.
New Jersey Law Against Discrimination (LAD)
The NJ LAD is one of the strongest anti-discrimination laws in the country, protecting employees and tenants from discrimination and harassment based on a wide variety of protected classes.
Massachusetts Paid Family & Medical Leave (PFML)
Massachusetts provides most workers with paid time off for medical or family reasons, funded through a state tax. Your job is legally protected while you are on leave.
Colorado Equal Pay for Equal Work Act
Colorado requires employers to disclose hourly/salary rates and benefits on all job postings and strictly prohibits paying employees of different sexes differently for substantially similar work.
Minnesota Paid Family and Medical Leave
Starting in 2026, Minnesota workers will have access to a state-run program providing up to 20 weeks of paid time off for major medical or family events.
Wisconsin Right to Work Law
Wisconsin is a 'Right to Work' state, meaning private-sector employees cannot be forced to join a labor union or pay union dues to keep their jobs.
Rhode Island Minimum Wage Laws
Rhode Island has passed legislation to steadily increase its minimum wage, reaching $15.00 per hour on January 1, 2025.
Maryland Time to Care Act
The Time to Care Act establishes a state-run paid family and medical leave insurance program in Maryland, offering up to 24 weeks of paid leave under specific circumstances (benefits start in 2026).
New Mexico Healthy Workplaces Act
New Mexico law guarantees almost all private-sector employees the right to earn and use paid sick leave, regardless of whether they are full-time, part-time, or seasonal.
Washington D.C. Paid Family Leave
D.C. has one of the most generous paid leave programs in the country, offering up to 12 weeks of paid time off to bond with a new child or care for a family member.
Rhode Island TDI & TCI (Paid Leave)
Rhode Island was the first state to guarantee paid leave. Workers pay a small tax to fund up to 30 weeks of disability leave (TDI) or 6 weeks of caregiver leave (TCI).
Connecticut Paid Family & Medical Leave
Connecticut offers up to 12 weeks of paid leave for family and medical reasons, with broad definitions of 'family' that include 'chosen family' (those you have a close, family-like bond with).
California Prop 22 (Gig Worker Exemption)
Prop 22 is a voter-approved law that allows app-based rideshare and delivery companies (like Uber and DoorDash) to legally classify their drivers as independent contractors rather than employees.
Washington Paid Family and Medical Leave (PFML)
Washington State operates a mandatory, state-run insurance program that guarantees most workers up to 12 weeks of paid time off for serious health or family events.
California Fast Food Minimum Wage Law
Starting in April 2024, California law specifically mandates a separate, significantly higher minimum wage exclusively for fast-food workers at large national chains.
New York Wage Theft Prevention Act
New York heavily penalizes employers who steal wages or fail to provide transparent pay documentation. The law mandates strict written notice requirements for all new hires.
Texas E-Verify Law (SB 3)
Texas law requires all state agencies, public universities, and private businesses that receive government contracts to use the federal E-Verify system to check the immigration status of all new employees.
Louisiana Right to Work Law
Louisiana is a 'Right to Work' state. This law ensures that an employee cannot be compelled to join a labor union or pay union dues in order to secure or retain employment.
Idaho Right to Work Law
Idaho law prohibits employers from requiring employees to join a labor union or pay union dues as a condition of getting or keeping a job.
California Salary History Ban
To help close the gender wage gap, California law makes it illegal for employers to ask job applicants about how much money they made at their previous jobs.
Oregon Paid Family & Medical Leave
Paid Leave Oregon allows workers to take up to 12 weeks of paid time off for family, medical, or 'safe' leave, funded by a small payroll tax.
Illinois Workers' Rights Amendment
In 2022, Illinois voters enshrined the fundamental right to unionize and bargain collectively directly into the State Constitution, explicitly banning any future 'Right to Work' laws in the state.
Massachusetts Earned Sick Time Law
Massachusetts requires employers to provide their workers with earned sick time. If a company has 11 or more employees, this sick time MUST be paid.
New York Paid Family Leave (PFL)
New York provides one of the nation's most comprehensive paid family leave programs, giving workers up to 12 weeks of paid, job-protected time off for major family events.
Illinois Equal Pay Act
Illinois law strictly forbids employers from paying men and women, or African American and non-African American employees, different wages for doing the same job.
New Jersey Diane B. Allen Equal Pay Act
New Jersey possesses one of the most aggressive equal pay laws in the country, prohibiting unequal pay for 'substantially similar' work across ALL protected classes, not just gender.
Colorado FAMLI Act (Paid Leave)
Voted in by citizens in 2020, the FAMLI program guarantees most Colorado workers up to 12 weeks of paid, job-protected time off for major life events.
Georgia Right to Work Law
Georgia has been a 'Right to Work' state since 1947. This law guarantees that no person can be forced to join a labor union or pay union dues to get or keep a job.
Michigan Right to Work Repeal
In a historic and rare move, Michigan officially repealed its 'Right to Work' law in 2023, giving immense power back to labor unions in the state.
Hawaii Minimum Wage Increases
Hawaii passed a law that steadily increases the state minimum wage every two years, eventually reaching $18.00 per hour by 2028.
New York HERO Act (Airborne Diseases)
Passed in response to COVID-19, the NY Health and Essential Rights (HERO) Act forces employers to adopt strict safety plans to protect workers from airborne infectious diseases.
Florida E-Verify & Immigration Law (SB 1718)
One of the toughest immigration laws in the country, SB 1718 forces private businesses to use the federal E-Verify system and invalidates out-of-state driver's licenses issued to undocumented immigrants.
Oregon Paid Sick Leave Law
Oregon requires all employers to provide sick leave. Whether it is paid or unpaid depends solely on the number of employees the company has and its location.
Nevada 'Right to Return' Law (Hospitality)
Passed during the COVID-19 pandemic, this law guarantees that casino and hospitality workers who were laid off for economic reasons have the 'right to return' to their old jobs before the company hires someone new.
New Jersey 'Freelance Isn't Free' Act
Modeled after similar laws in NY and IL, this law protects freelance workers and independent contractors in New Jersey by ensuring they get paid on time and have written contracts.
Massachusetts Non-Compete Law
Massachusetts strictly limits the use of 'non-compete' agreements, banning them entirely for certain workers and requiring employers to pay 'garden leave' if they want to enforce them.
New York 'Freelance Isn't Free' Act
Originally a NYC law, this protection was expanded statewide to ensure freelancers and independent contractors receive written contracts and timely payments.
California Paid Family Leave (PFL)
California was the first state to implement Paid Family Leave. It provides up to 8 weeks of partial wage replacement for workers taking time off to bond with a child or care for a seriously ill family member.
Washington Paid Sick Leave Law
Washington State requires nearly all employers to provide paid sick leave to their employees, including part-time and seasonal workers.
Arkansas Right to Work Law
Arkansas enshrined its 'Right to Work' status directly into the state constitution back in 1944. It is illegal to force any worker to join a union to keep their job.
Employment / Family Law
1 EntryEmployment Discrimination
1 EntryEmployment Law
24 EntriesFair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
A federal law that establishes minimum wage, overtime pay eligibility, recordkeeping, and child labor standards for full-time and part-time workers.
Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
Provides eligible employees with up to 12 weeks of unpaid, job-protected leave per year for specific family and medical reasons.
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Prohibits employers from discriminating against employees or job applicants on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
California Equal Pay Act
Prohibits an employer from paying any of its employees wage rates that are less than the rates paid to employees of the opposite sex, or of another race or ethnicity, for substantially similar work.
New York Paid Family Leave (PFL)
Provides New York employees with job-protected, paid time off to bond with a new child, care for a family member with a serious health condition, or assist when a family member is deployed abroad.
Washington State Paid Sick Leave
Requires employers to provide paid sick leave to most employees, which can be used for the employee's or a family member's health needs.
National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)
Protects the rights of employees to organize, form unions, and engage in collective bargaining.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Prohibits employers from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities in all employment practices.
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
Ensures safe and healthful working conditions for workers by setting and enforcing standards.
Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN)
Requires major employers to provide 60-day advance notice of mass layoffs or plant closings.
Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)
Sets minimum standards for most voluntarily established retirement and health plans in private industry.
Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA)
Prohibits the use of genetic information in making employment decisions and restricts the acquisition of genetic data.
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
Establishes minimum wage, overtime pay eligibility, recordkeeping, and child labor standards affecting full-time and part-time workers in the private sector and in Federal, State, and local governments.
Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
Provides eligible employees with up to 12 weeks of unpaid, job-protected leave per year for specified family and medical reasons, while maintaining their group health insurance coverage.
Private Attorneys General Act (PAGA)
Authorizes aggrieved employees to file lawsuits to recover civil penalties on behalf of themselves, other employees, and the State of California for Labor Code violations.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Title I
Prohibits private employers, state and local governments, and labor unions from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities in job application procedures, hiring, firing, and advancement.
Washington Equal Pay and Opportunities Act
Prohibits pay discrimination based on gender and requires employers to provide salary ranges and descriptions of benefits in job postings.
Oregon Workplace Fairness Act
Restricts the use of non-disclosure and non-disparagement agreements in employment contracts related to claims of discrimination, harassment, and sexual assault.
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
Establishes minimum wage, overtime pay eligibility, recordkeeping, and child labor standards affecting full-time and part-time workers in the private sector and in Federal, State, and local governments.
Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
Provides certain employees with up to 12 weeks of unpaid, job-protected leave per year for specific family and medical reasons, while requiring group health benefits to be maintained.
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Prohibits employers from discriminating against employees on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in all aspects of employment.
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
Requires employers to provide a workplace free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to employees.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Prohibits private employers, state and local governments, and labor unions from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities in job applications and employment.
National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)
Protects the rights of employees to organize, form, join, or assist labor organizations and to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing.
Eviction
1 EntryExotic Pets
3 EntriesThe Lacey Act - Injurious Species Provisions
The Lacey Act prohibits the import and interstate transport of species listed as 'injurious wildlife' to protect human health, agriculture, and the environment.
NY Environmental Conservation Law § 11-0512
New York State prohibits the possession, sale, or transport of 'wild animals' as pets, including big cats, venomous reptiles, and primates.
Texas Dangerous Wild Animal Act
Possession of 'dangerous wild animals' (tigers, lions, bears, etc.) requires a certificate of registration from the local animal control authority.
Family Law
70 EntriesTexas Child Custody (Standard Possession Order)
In Texas, child custody is called 'Conservatorship.' If parents cannot agree on a schedule, a judge will almost always order the 'Standard Possession Order' (SPO) to guarantee minimum time with the non-primary parent.
Utah 'Free-Range Parenting' Law
Utah was the first state to legally protect parents who let their children do things like walk to school or play outside alone without being accused of child neglect.
Uniform Interstate Family Support Act
A set of laws adopted to ensure that child support and alimony orders are enforceable across state lines and to prevent multiple conflicting support orders.
Illinois Pet Custody in Divorce Law
Unlike most states that treat pets legally as 'property' (like a couch or a TV) during a divorce, Illinois law requires judges to consider the 'well-being' of the companion animal when deciding who gets the pet.
No-Fault Divorce Based on Insupportability
Texas allows for a no-fault divorce based on "insupportability," meaning the marriage has become insupportable due to discord or conflict of personalities that prevents any reasonable expectation of reconciliation.
Just and Right Division of Marital Estate
Texas is a community property state, but in a divorce, the court divides the community estate of the parties in a "just and right" manner, which does not necessarily mean an equal 50/50 split.
Standard Possession Order for Child Custody
Texas courts often implement a Standard Possession Order (SPO), which provides detailed schedules for conservators (parents) to have possession of children, unless it is not in the child's best interest.
Child Support Guideline Calculations
Texas law provides specific guidelines for calculating child support, typically based on a percentage of the obligor's net resources, adjusted for the number of children and other factors.
Issuance of Protective Orders for Family Violence
Texas courts can issue protective orders against a person who has committed family violence, prohibiting them from committing further violence, harassing the victim, or coming within a certain distance.
New York Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act
A state law that determines which state has the power to make decisions about a child's custody to avoid multi-state legal battles.
Parental Kidnapping Prevention Act (PKPA)
A federal law requiring states to honor and enforce child custody determinations made by courts in other states.
Florida No-Fault Dissolution of Marriage
A law that allows a spouse to get a divorce without proving that the other spouse did anything wrong, like cheating or abuse.
California No-Fault Divorce Statute
Spouses can dissolve a marriage without proving wrongdoing by citing irreconcilable differences.
New York Child Support Standards Act (CSSA)
This law provides a strict mathematical formula to calculate how much a parent should pay in child support. Key Terms: 1. Combined Parental Income (the total income of both parents added together), 2. Pro Rata Share (the percentage of total income contributed by each parent), 3. Add-on Expenses (additional costs like childcare or medical bills not covered by basic support).
Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA)
This law prevents parents from 'forum shopping' or moving a child to another state to get a more favorable custody ruling. Key Terms: 1. Home State (the state where the child lived for at least six months before the case), 2. Exclusive Continuing Jurisdiction (the concept that once a court makes a ruling, it stays the only court allowed to change it until all parties leave the state).
Texas Family Code: Standard Possession Order
The Texas Family Code establishes a default visitation schedule intended to ensure frequent contact with both parents. Key Terms: 1. Possessory Conservator (the parent who has visitation rights but not primary physical custody), 2. Managing Conservator (the parent with the legal right to determine the child's primary residence), 3. Possession and Access (the legal terms for 'visitation' and 'custody').
California Family Code: Best Interests of the Child
California law requires judges to prioritize the child's health, safety, and welfare over the parents' preferences. Key Terms: 1. Joint Legal Custody (both parents share the right to make major decisions about health and education), 2. Sole Physical Custody (the child lives with one parent most of the time), 3. Continuity of Care (the goal of keeping the child's environment and routine stable).
No-Fault Divorce based on Irreconcilable Differences
California law allows for divorce without assigning blame, requiring only "irreconcilable differences" that have caused the irremediable breakdown of the marriage.
Child Custody Decisions Based on the Child's Best Interest
California courts prioritize the child's health, safety, and welfare when making child custody and visitation orders, applying the "best interest of the child" standard.
Equal Division of Community Property
In a California divorce, community property and community debt acquired during marriage are generally divided equally (50/50) between spouses.
Statewide Uniform Child Support Guideline
California uses a complex statewide guideline formula to calculate child support, primarily based on parents' incomes and the amount of time each parent spends with the children.
Issuance of Domestic Violence Restraining Orders
The Domestic Violence Prevention Act provides a mechanism for victims of domestic violence to obtain protective orders from the court, prohibiting abuse and requiring the abuser to stay away.
Child Support Recovery Act (CSRA)
A federal law that makes it a crime to willfully fail to pay child support for a child living in another state. Key Terms: 1. Arrearage (the total amount of past-due child support), 2. Willful Failure (choosing not to pay despite having the financial ability to do so), 3. Obligor (the person who is legally required to pay support).
Florida Statutes: Parenting Plans and Time-Sharing
Florida law replaced the terms 'custody' and 'visitation' with comprehensive 'Parenting Plans' to reduce conflict. Key Terms: 1. Time-Sharing (the schedule detailing exactly when the child is with each parent), 2. Parenting Plan (a detailed document covering daily tasks, healthcare, and communication), 3. Ultimate Decision-making Authority (the right granted to one parent to make a final choice if parents disagree).
New York State No-Fault Divorce Law
Spouses may obtain a divorce without proving wrongdoing if the marriage has been irretrievably broken for at least six months.
Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act
Determines which state has the authority to make decisions in child custody cases involving multiple states.
California Community Property Law
Establishes that most property and debt acquired during marriage belongs equally to both spouses.
Texas Best Interest of the Child Standard
Mandates that all decisions regarding child custody and visitation must prioritize the child's well-being above all else.
Uniform Interstate Family Support Act
Ensures that child support orders can be enforced across state lines and prevents multiple states from issuing conflicting orders.
Marriage Equality Rights (Obergefell v. Hodges)
Guarantees the fundamental right to marry to same-sex couples on the same terms and conditions as opposite-sex couples.
Florida Statutes Section 61.13
Mandates that all matters related to parenting and time-sharing must be decided based on the best interests of the child using specific statutory factors.
Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (California)
Determines which state court has the legal authority to handle a child custody case, primarily focusing on the child's home state to prevent kidnapping and forum shopping.
Texas Family Code Section 153.131 (Presumption of JMC)
Establishes a legal starting point that both parents should be appointed joint managing conservators unless there is evidence of domestic violence or child abuse.
New York Domestic Relations Law Section 236 Part B
Governs the fair, but not necessarily equal, division of marital property and the awarding of maintenance during a divorce.
Pennsylvania Protection from Abuse (PFA) Act
Provides victims of domestic violence with a civil legal path to obtain restraining orders against family or household members.
Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act - Section 504
Sets specific formulas and guidelines for judges to use when determining the amount and duration of spousal support payments.
California Family Code Section 4320
Outlines the specific factors a judge must consider when determining the amount and duration of permanent spousal support.
Texas Family Code Section 153.002
Statute mandating that the best interest of the child shall always be the primary consideration of the court in determining custody and access.
New York Domestic Relations Law Section 236-B
Establishes the process for 'Equitable Distribution,' where marital property is divided fairly but not necessarily equally.
Florida Statutes Section 61.052
Defines the 'no-fault' divorce standard in Florida, requiring only that the marriage is irretrievably broken.
750 ILCS 5/609.2 (Parental Relocation)
Governs the rules and distances for when a parent who has majority parenting time wishes to move with a child.
Uniform Interstate Family Support Act (UIFSA)
A standardized act adopted by all states to handle the establishment and enforcement of child support orders across state lines.
Adoption and Safe Families Act (ASFA)
A federal law that prioritizes the health and safety of children in the foster care system and mandates timelines for permanency planning.
Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA)
A uniform law that determines which state has the legal authority to decide a child custody case and prevents interstate custody kidnapping.
California Family Code Section 4320
Establishes the specific factors a judge must evaluate when deciding the amount and duration of permanent spousal support.
Texas Family Code Chapter 154: Child Support
Sets a standardized percentage-based formula for calculating child support based on the income of the non-custodial parent.
New York Domestic Relations Law Section 170(7)
Allows for 'no-fault' divorce if one spouse declares under oath that the marriage has broken down irretrievably for at least six months.
Florida Statutes Section 61.13: Parenting Plans
Directs courts to order shared parental responsibility and requires a detailed parenting plan that outlines daily child-rearing tasks.
Child Support Recovery Act of 1992
This federal law makes it a crime to willfully fail to pay child support for a child who lives in another state if the debt is overdue for more than a year or exceeds $5,000.
Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA)
A uniform state law that establishes rules for which state has the authority to make and modify child custody decisions to prevent forum shopping and interstate kidnapping.
Family Law Act 1975
The primary piece of legislation governing divorce, parenting arrangements, and property division in Australia, notable for establishing the no-fault divorce principle.
Adoption and Safe Families Act (ASFA)
Federal law designed to ensure child safety and reduce the time children spend in foster care by setting strict timelines for permanency planning and adoption.
The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
Governs the legal requirements for marriage, separation, and divorce among Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs in India.
Violence Against Women Act (VAWA)
Federal law providing protections for victims of domestic violence, including specific provisions for family court safety and immigration relief for abused family members.
Parental Kidnapping Prevention Act (PKPA)
A federal law that requires states to honor child custody determinations made by courts in other states to prevent forum shopping and child snatching.
Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA)
A standardized act adopted by states to determine which court has the authority to make child custody decisions based on the child's home state.
Domestic Violence Prevention Act (DVPA)
Legislation designed to prevent acts of domestic violence and provide for a separation of the parties for a period of time to prevent further violence.
Uniform Interstate Family Support Act (UIFSA)
A law adopted by all states to ensure that only one valid child support order exists at a time and to facilitate enforcement across state lines.
Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA)
Federal law that governs jurisdiction over the removal of Native American children from their families in foster care and adoption cases.
California Community Property Law
Mandates that all property and debt acquired during a marriage is owned equally by both spouses and must be split 50/50 upon divorce.
California No-Fault Divorce Law
Establishes that a marriage can be dissolved without proving wrongdoing by either spouse, based solely on irreconcilable differences.
Texas Community Property Law
Presumes that all property acquired by either spouse during the marriage is owned equally by both, regardless of whose name is on the title.
Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA)
A law determining which state has the authority to make decisions in child custody cases to prevent multi-state kidnapping and conflicting orders.
Illinois Best Interests of the Child Standard
Requires judges to make all decisions regarding parental responsibilities and parenting time based exclusively on the child's well-being rather than the parents' desires.
Massachusetts Alimony Reform Act
Sets limits on the duration and amount of spousal support based on the length of the marriage and establishes clear rules for when alimony ends.
Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA)
Establishes federal standards for the removal and placement of Native American children in foster or adoptive homes to keep them connected to their culture.
Child Support Recovery Act (CSRA)
Makes it a federal crime to willfully fail to pay past-due child support obligations for a child living in another state.
California Community Property Law
Establishes that all property acquired by a married person during the marriage while domiciled in the state is shared equally between spouses.
Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013
Legalized same-sex marriage in England and Wales, granting same-sex couples the same legal recognition as opposite-sex couples.
Uniform Interstate Family Support Act (UIFSA)
Governs the establishment, enforcement, and modification of child support and alimony orders when the parties live in different states.
Family Law / Child Custody
1 EntryFamily Law / Child Support
1 EntryFamily Law / Custody
1 EntryFamily Law / Divorce
1 EntryFederal - Commercial
1 EntryFederal - Equipment
1 EntryFederal - Recreational
1 EntryFederal - Registration
1 EntryFederal - Safety
1 EntryFederal Law
2 EntriesFDCPA: Harassment or Abuse
Debt collectors are prohibited from engaging in any conduct the natural consequence of which is to harass, oppress, or abuse any person.
FDCPA: Validation of Debts
Within five days of first contact, a collector must send a written notice stating the amount of debt and the creditor's name.
Financial Privacy
2 EntriesFair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)
Regulates the collection, dissemination, and use of consumer information, including consumer credit information.
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)
Requires financial institutions to explain their information-sharing practices to their customers and to safeguard sensitive data.
Financial Protection
1 EntryGeneral Consumer Protection
2 EntriesAustralian Consumer Law (ACL)
A national law in Australia that protects consumers against unfair contract terms, misleading conduct, and product safety issues.
Consumer Protection Act (Ontario)
Provincial legislation that provides rights and protections for consumers in Ontario for most everyday transactions.
General Data Privacy
3 EntriesBrazilian General Data Protection Law (LGPD)
A unified framework for the protection of personal data processing in Brazil, largely inspired by the GDPR.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
A comprehensive data protection framework that governs how organizations process the personal data of individuals within the EU and European Economic Area.
Data Protection Act 2018
The UK's implementation of the GDPR, tailored to include specific provisions for law enforcement and national security.
Genetic Data
2 EntriesIllinois Genetic Information Privacy Act (GIPA)
Restricts how companies and insurers use genetic testing results and prohibits employers from using genetic information in hiring.
California Genetic Information Privacy Act (GIPA)
Regulates direct-to-consumer genetic testing companies like 23andMe, requiring clear consent and security measures.
Habitability
1 EntryHarassment/NDA
1 EntryHazardous Waste
1 EntryHealth Data Privacy
1 EntryHealthcare & Medical
22 EntriesThe Florida Baker Act (Mental Health)
The Baker Act allows for the involuntary institutionalization and examination of an individual who appears to have a mental illness and poses a serious threat of harm to themselves or others.
Georgia LIFE Act (Heartbeat Abortion Law)
Georgia law prohibits almost all abortions after a fetal heartbeat can be detected, which is typically around six weeks of pregnancy.
Texas Near-Total Abortion Ban (Trigger Law)
Following the overturn of Roe v. Wade, Texas enacted a 'trigger law' that makes performing an abortion a severe felony at any stage of pregnancy, with virtually no exceptions.
New Mexico End of Life Options Act
New Mexico allows terminally ill, mentally competent adults to request and self-administer medication to end their lives peacefully, under the Elizabeth Whitefield End-of-Life Options Act.
Ohio Heartbeat Abortion Ban
Following the overturn of Roe v. Wade, Ohio attempted to enforce a strict ban on abortions after a fetal heartbeat is detected (around 6 weeks). *NOTE: In Nov 2023, Ohio voters passed Issue 1, enshrining abortion rights in the state constitution, functionally nullifying this ban.*
Massachusetts Universal Healthcare (Romneycare)
Passed in 2006, this was the model for the federal Affordable Care Act (Obamacare). It requires nearly all Massachusetts residents to have health insurance or face a tax penalty.
Texas SB 8 (Civil Abortion Enforcement)
Before Roe v. Wade was overturned, Texas passed SB 8, a unique law that banned abortion after 6 weeks by allowing private citizens to sue anyone who 'aided or abetted' an abortion, rather than using state police to enforce it.
Colorado End of Life Options Act
Colorado allows terminally ill, mentally capable adults to request and self-administer life-ending medication from their doctor to die peacefully on their own terms.
South Carolina Fetal Heartbeat Act
South Carolina law bans almost all abortions once a fetal heartbeat is detected, which usually occurs around six weeks into a pregnancy.
Arkansas Medical Marijuana Amendment
Arkansas voters legalized medical marijuana for patients with specific qualifying conditions, establishing a heavily regulated system of state-licensed dispensaries.
Kansas Abortion Laws (Constitutional Protections)
Unlike its neighboring states, abortion remains legal in Kansas up to 22 weeks of pregnancy. In 2022, Kansas voters famously rejected a constitutional amendment that would have allowed the state legislature to ban it.
Nebraska 12-Week Abortion Ban
Nebraska law prohibits most abortions after 12 weeks of pregnancy, measured from the first day of the patient's last menstrual period.
Florida 6-Week Abortion Ban
As of May 2024, Florida law strictly bans almost all abortions after six weeks of pregnancy (often before many women know they are pregnant).
Illinois Reproductive Health Act (RHA)
The Illinois RHA establishes the fundamental right of an individual to make autonomous decisions regarding their reproductive health, explicitly treating abortion care like any other medical procedure.
Washington WA Cares Fund (Long-Term Care)
Washington is the first U.S. state to establish a mandatory public long-term care insurance program, funded by a payroll tax on all W-2 employees in the state.
Ohio Medical Marijuana Law
Before legalizing recreational use in 2023, Ohio established a strict Medical Marijuana Control Program. It allows patients with specific severe conditions to purchase and use cannabis.
Washington Death with Dignity Act
Washington allows terminally ill adults with less than six months to live to request and self-administer lethal medication to end their lives in a humane and dignified manner.
Oregon Measure 109 (Psilocybin Services)
Oregon was the first state in the U.S. to legalize the supervised, therapeutic use of psilocybin (magic mushrooms) for adults 21 and older.
Pennsylvania Medical Marijuana Act
Pennsylvania allows residents with specific 'serious medical conditions' to legally purchase and use marijuana for medical purposes through a tightly controlled state dispensary system.
Oregon Death with Dignity Act
Passed in 1997, Oregon was the first state in the nation to legalize physician-assisted suicide, establishing the legal blueprint that many other states have since followed.
Michigan Reproductive Freedom (Proposal 3)
In 2022, Michigan voters overwhelmingly passed Proposal 3, which enshrined a fundamental right to reproductive freedom—including abortion and contraception—directly into the state constitution.
Oklahoma Strict Abortion Ban (Life at Conception)
Following the fall of Roe v. Wade, Oklahoma enacted one of the most draconian abortion bans in the country, completely outlawing abortion from the exact moment of fertilization.
Healthcare Privacy
2 EntriesHIPAA Privacy Rule
Establishes national standards to protect individuals' medical records and other personal health information held by health plans and providers.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Federal law establishing national standards to protect sensitive patient health information from being disclosed without consent.
Impaired Driving
1 EntryIntellectual Property
68 EntriesThe Patent Act
The law governing the requirements and procedures for obtaining and enforcing patents for inventions.
Copyright Act of 1976
Grants creators of original works exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, perform, display, and create derivative works for a limited time.
Patent Act (Title 35 U.S. Code)
Provides inventors with exclusive rights to their novel, non-obvious, and useful inventions for a limited period, typically 20 years.
Lanham Act (Trademark Act of 1946)
Governs federal trademark law, protecting brand names, logos, and slogans used in commerce to distinguish goods and services.
Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016 (DTSA)
Establishes a federal cause of action for the misappropriation of trade secrets, allowing trade secret owners to sue in federal court.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
A federal law that allows companies to sue in federal court for the theft or misappropriation of trade secrets.
United States Patent Act
The comprehensive statute that defines what can be patented and the requirements for obtaining a patent for new and useful inventions.
The Patent Act
Provides inventors with the exclusive right to exclude others from making, using, or selling their inventions for a limited time.
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
The comprehensive statute governing intellectual property rights in the United Kingdom, covering copyright, designs, and patents.
Copyright Act of 1976
The primary law governing copyright in the U.S., protecting original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression.
Lanham Act
The federal statute that governs trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
A major reform that switched the U.S. patent system from a 'first-to-invent' to a 'first-inventor-to-file' system.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
Implements two 1996 WIPO treaties and addresses the relationship between copyright and the internet, specifically targeting technology that circumvents digital rights management.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
Creates a federal cause of action for trade secret misappropriation, allowing companies to sue in federal court.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
A federal law that allows businesses to sue in federal court when their trade secrets have been stolen or misappropriated.
CASE Act of 2020
Establishes the Copyright Claims Board (CCB), a voluntary forum for resolving small-value copyright disputes outside of federal court.
Copyright Act of 1976
The primary federal statute governing copyright in the United States, protecting original works of authorship fixed in a tangible medium.
The Lanham Act
The federal statute that provides for a national system of trademark registration and protects owners of federally registered marks against the use of similar marks if such use is likely to result in consumer confusion.
The Patent Act
Grants inventors the right to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale, or selling their invention for a specific period of time.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
A law aimed at updating copyright protections for the digital age, specifically addressing online infringement and digital locks.
Copyright Act of 1976
The primary basis of copyright law in the United States, protecting original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression.
Lanham Act (Trademark Act of 1946)
The federal statute that governs trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition in the United States.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
A law aimed at updating copyright law for the digital age, addressing the circumvention of digital rights management (DRM) and online service provider liability.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
A significant reform of the U.S. patent system that shifted the country from a 'first-to-invent' to a 'first-inventor-to-file' system.
Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016 (DTSA)
A federal law that allows companies to sue in federal court for the misappropriation of trade secrets, providing a uniform national standard.
Copyright Alternative in Small-Claims Enforcement (CASE) Act
Establishes a voluntary small claims board within the U.S. Copyright Office to resolve low-value copyright disputes efficiently.
U.S. Copyright Act of 1976
The primary law governing copyright protection for original works of authorship, including literary, musical, and artistic works.
Lanham Act (Trademark Act of 1946)
The federal statute that governs trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition, protecting brand names and logos used in commerce.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
An update to copyright law addressing the challenges of digital content and the internet, specifically targeting the circumvention of encryption.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
A major reform to the U.S. patent system that shifted the country from a 'first-to-invent' system to a 'first-inventor-to-file' system.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
A federal law that provides a uniform standard for trade secret misappropriation and allows companies to sue in federal court.
Copyright Alternative in Small-Claims Enforcement (CASE) Act
Establishes a voluntary small-claims board within the U.S. Copyright Office to resolve copyright disputes without expensive federal litigation.
United States Patent Act
Provides the legal framework for the granting and enforcement of patents for new and useful inventions.
The Lanham Act (Trademark Act of 1946)
The primary federal law in the US that governs trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
Addresses copyright issues in the digital age, including digital rights management and internet service provider liability.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
Created a federal cause of action for trade secret misappropriation, allowing owners to sue in federal court.
Plant Variety Protection Act (PVPA)
Provides patent-like protection to breeders of new, distinct, uniform, and stable plant varieties.
Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984
Provides specialized protection for the layout designs (mask works) of integrated circuits.
The Lanham Act (The Trademark Act of 1946)
The primary federal law in the United States that governs trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
A federal law designed to manage digital rights and provide a framework for copyright enforcement on the internet.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
A major overhaul of the US patent system that transitioned the country from a 'first-to-invent' to a 'first-inventor-to-file' system.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
A federal law that allows businesses to sue in federal court when their trade secrets have been stolen or misappropriated.
Plant Variety Protection Act (PVPA)
Provides legal protection to developers of new, distinct, uniform, and stable varieties of plants which reproduce sexually or by tubers.
Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act
Law that extended the duration of copyright protection for works created on or after January 1, 1978.
Lanham Act (Trademark Act of 1946)
The primary federal law in the United States governing trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
A law that criminalizes the production and dissemination of technology intended to circumvent digital rights management (DRM) and provides safe harbors for service providers.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
A major reform that shifted the U.S. patent system from a 'first-to-invent' to a 'first-inventor-to-file' system.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
A federal law that allows companies to sue in federal court for the misappropriation of trade secrets.
Plant Variety Protection Act (PVPA)
Provides patent-like protection to breeders of new, distinct, uniform, and stable plant varieties.
Semiconductor Chip Protection Act (SCPA)
Protects the layout designs of integrated circuits, known as mask works.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
A law that implements international treaties and addresses copyright challenges in the digital age, specifically regarding online service providers and digital rights management.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
Major patent reform that transitioned the U.S. patent system from a 'first-to-invent' to a 'first-to-file' system.
The Lanham Act
The primary federal statute that regulates trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
Provides a federal cause of action for the misappropriation of trade secrets, allowing cases to be brought in federal court rather than just state court.
Trademark Modernization Act of 2020
Updates trademark law to streamline the process for removing unused trademark registrations and clarifies the standard for court injunctions.
Copyright Alternative in Small-Claims Enforcement (CASE) Act
Established a voluntary small-claims board within the U.S. Copyright Office to resolve copyright disputes without the high cost of federal court.
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
The comprehensive statute governing IP law in the UK, covering copyright for creative works, design rights, and patent regulations.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
The DMCA protects digital content and shields internet service providers from liability for their users' copyright infringements if they follow specific 'take down' rules.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
This act transitioned the U.S. patent system from a 'first-to-invent' to a 'first-inventor-to-file' system and created new ways to challenge patents.
The Lanham Act
The primary federal law in the United States that governs trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
A federal law that allows companies to sue in federal court for the theft (misappropriation) of trade secrets.
Copyright Alternative in Small-Claims Enforcement (CASE) Act
Established a small-claims board within the Copyright Office to resolve low-value copyright disputes more affordably than federal court.
Trademark Modernization Act (TMA)
Provides new tools to clear the federal trademark register of unused marks and clarifies the standard for getting injunctions in trademark cases.
The Lanham Act
The federal statute that governs trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
Updated copyright law to address the digital age, criminalizing the circumvention of digital rights management and providing 'safe harbor' for online service providers.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
A major reform of the U.S. patent system that shifted the country from a 'first-to-invent' to a 'first-inventor-to-file' system.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
Allows owners of trade secrets to sue in federal court when their trade secrets have been misappropriated.
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
The main piece of legislation in the UK covering copyright, design rights, and the framework for patents.
Labor Law - Breaks & Meals
10 EntriesCalifornia Paid Rest Period Law
Employers must provide a paid 10-minute rest period for every 4 hours worked or major fraction thereof.
New York Meal Period Law (Non-Factory Workers)
Non-factory employees working over 6 hours covering noonday must get 30 minutes. Additional 20 minutes for specific long shifts.
New York Meal Period Law (Factory Workers)
Factory employees must receive a 60-minute noonday meal break, plus an additional 20 minutes for specific long shifts.
Washington State Meal Period Law
Employers must provide a 30-minute meal period for shifts exceeding 5 hours; it must be paid if the employee remains on duty.
Oregon Meal Period Law
Employers must provide a 30-minute meal period for shifts 6 hours or longer; it's unpaid if relieved of duties, paid if not. Second meal period for shifts 7+ hours.
Oregon Paid Rest Period Law
Employers must provide a paid 10-minute rest period for every 4 hours or major fraction thereof.
Colorado Paid Rest Period Law
Employers must provide a paid 10-minute rest period for every 4 hours of work, or major fraction thereof.
California Meal Period Law (5+ hours)
Employers must provide an uninterrupted 30-minute unpaid meal period for employees working more than 5 hours.
Colorado Meal Period Law
Employers must provide an uninterrupted 30-minute meal period for shifts exceeding 5 consecutive hours, paid if on duty.
Washington State Paid Rest Period Law
Employers must provide a paid 10-minute rest period for each 4 hours of working time.
Landlord-Tenant
6 EntriesUniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (URLTA)
A model law designed to standardize the rights and duties of landlords and tenants while ensuring rental units remain habitable.
California Civil Code Section 1941.1: Implied Warranty of Habitability
Mandates that all residential rental properties must be fit for human occupation and maintain essential services like heat, water, and electricity.
Texas Property Code Chapter 92: Security Deposit Refunds
Requires landlords to refund security deposits or provide an itemized list of deductions within 30 days of the tenant moving out.
NY Real Property Law Section 235-b: Warranty of Habitability
In every written or oral lease, the landlord promises that the premises are fit for human habitation and the occupants will not be subjected to conditions dangerous to life or health.
Florida Statutes Section 83.56: Termination of Rental Agreement
Outlines the specific notice requirements a landlord must follow before they can legally terminate a lease for non-payment of rent or other violations.
Illinois Safe Homes Act (765 ILCS 750)
Allows victims of domestic or sexual violence to terminate their lease early without penalty to ensure their safety.
Landlord-Tenant Law
90 EntriesCalifornia Civil Code Section 1942 - Repair and Deduct
Allows tenants to perform necessary repairs themselves and deduct the cost from their rent if the landlord fails to address habitability issues after being notified.
New York General Obligations Law Section 7-103
Requires landlords who own buildings with six or more units to place security deposits in interest-bearing bank accounts for the benefit of the tenant.
Florida Statutes Section 83.56 - Termination of Rental Agreement
Mandates that a landlord must provide a specific three-day written notice to a tenant before filing for eviction due to non-payment of rent.
Texas Property Code Section 92.008 - Interruption of Utilities
Strictly prohibits landlords from interrupting a tenant's utility services unless it is for bona fide repairs, emergencies, or specific non-payment scenarios defined by law.
Illinois Retaliatory Eviction Act (765 ILCS 720)
Protects tenants from eviction or lease non-renewal if the landlord is acting in response to the tenant's complaint to a government authority about health or safety codes.
Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 186, Section 15B
A highly specific law governing security deposits, requiring they be held in a separate account and providing for triple damages if handled incorrectly.
New York Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019
A comprehensive set of laws that reformed rent stabilization and significantly increased tenant protections regarding evictions and rent increases.
Florida Statutes Section 83.51: Landlord's Obligation to Maintain Premises
Mandates that landlords maintain rental properties in a safe and livable condition, complying with all applicable building and health codes.
Texas Property Code Section 92.056: Landlord Liability and Tenant Remedies
Establishes the specific process a tenant must follow to force a landlord to repair conditions that affect the physical health or safety of an ordinary tenant.
Washington RCW 59.18.650: Eviction Just Cause Requirement
Prohibits landlords from terminating a tenancy or refusing to renew a lease without a specific 'just cause' reason defined by law.
Uniform Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (URLTA)
A model act designed to modernize and clarify the law governing residential landlord and tenant relationships across various US states.
Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 186, Section 15B: Security Deposits
One of the nation's strictest security deposit laws, requiring deposits to be held in separate interest-bearing accounts and requiring detailed documentation.
California Civil Code Section 1941.1
Specifies the minimum characteristics a building must have to be considered 'untenantable' or fit for human occupation in California.
Fair Housing Act (FHA)
Prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of dwellings based on race, color, religion, sex, familial status, or national origin.
California Security Deposit Law
Regulates the amount, usage, and return of security deposits in residential leases.
Texas Repair and Remedy Law
Outlines the specific procedures a tenant must follow to force a landlord to repair conditions that affect physical health or safety.
Florida Landlord Access Law
Governs when and how a landlord may enter a tenant's rented dwelling.
Washington Residential Landlord-Tenant Act (RLTA)
Provides the comprehensive legal framework for the relationship between landlords and tenants, including eviction procedures.
New York Rent Stabilization Law
Limits the amount landlords can increase rent annually in certain residential buildings and grants tenants right to renewal.
Texas Notice to Vacate Requirements
Landlords must give tenants a written notice to vacate at least three days before filing an eviction lawsuit, unless the lease specifies otherwise.
Florida Landlord Right of Entry
Landlords must provide at least 24 hours' notice before entering a unit for repairs, except in emergencies.
Washington State Just Cause Eviction Law
Landlords can only end a month-to-month tenancy for specific 'just cause' reasons provided in the state statute.
Illinois Implied Warranty of Habitability
Landlords are legally required to keep rental units fit for human habitation, regardless of what the lease says.
Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019 (HSTPA)
Comprehensive legislation that expanded rent stabilization and significantly increased protections for tenants against eviction and excessive fees.
California Security Deposit Limitation (AB 12)
Starting July 1, 2024, landlords in California are generally prohibited from collecting a security deposit that exceeds the amount of one month's rent, regardless of whether the unit is furnished or unfurnished.
Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019
This act drastically expanded tenant protections in New York, limiting rent increases in stabilized apartments and making most of the state's rent laws permanent.
Florida Residential Landlord and Tenant Act
Regulates the rights and duties of landlords and tenants, focusing on the maintenance of the premises and the handling of security deposits in a designated account.
Texas Property Code Chapter 92 (Repair and Deduct)
Texas law provides specific procedures for tenants to demand repairs that affect physical health or safety and allows for limited 'repair and deduct' remedies.
Illinois Safe Homes Act
Protects victims of domestic or sexual violence by allowing them to terminate their lease early or change locks for safety without penalty.
Washington State Right to Counsel in Evictions
Washington was the first state to guarantee a right to an attorney for low-income tenants facing eviction in court.
California Civil Code Section 1941.1 - Implied Warranty of Habitability
Landlords in California must provide rental units that meet basic health and safety standards, regardless of what the lease says.
New York Real Property Law Section 235-f
Tenants in New York have the right to share their apartment with immediate family and one additional unrelated person (a roommate).
Florida Statutes Section 83.49 - Deposit Notice Requirements
Landlords must notify tenants in writing within 30 days of receiving a security deposit about where and how the money is being held.
Texas Property Code Section 92.251 - Smoke Alarm Requirements
Texas law requires landlords to install smoke alarms in specific locations throughout a rental unit at the landlord's expense.
Illinois Security Deposit Return Act
Landlords of buildings with 5 or more units must return security deposits within 45 days and provide receipts for any deductions for repairs.
District of Columbia Rental Housing Act of 1985
Limits how much and how often landlords can increase rent for residential units built before 1975.
California Security Deposit Limits (Civil Code 1950.5)
Limits the amount a landlord can charge for a security deposit and establishes strict timelines for its return after a tenant moves out.
New York Warranty of Habitability (Real Property Law 235-b)
Mandates that every residential lease contains an implied promise that the premises are fit for human habitation and safe.
Texas Security Deposit Refund Law (Property Code 92.103)
Requires landlords to refund security deposits within 30 days and provides penalties for those acting in bad faith.
Florida Termination of Rental Agreement (Statutes 83.56)
Outlines the specific notice requirements a landlord must follow before terminating a lease for non-payment or lease violations.
Illinois Retaliatory Eviction Act (765 ILCS 720)
Protects tenants from being evicted or having their lease terminated because they complained about building code violations.
Massachusetts Lead Law (M.G.L. c. 111, § 197)
Requires owners of homes built before 1978 where children under six reside to remove or cover lead paint hazards.
California Civil Code Section 1942: Repair and Deduct
Allows tenants to pay for repairs themselves and subtract the cost from their rent if the landlord fails to address habitability issues within a reasonable time.
New York City Rent Stabilization Law of 1969
Restricts rent increases in specific older buildings and provides tenants with the right to lease renewals.
Florida Statutes Section 83.49: Deposit Money and Advance Rent
Governs how landlords must hold, notice, and return security deposits after a tenant moves out.
Texas Property Code Section 92.056: Landlord Liability and Tenant Remedies
Establishes a landlord's duty to repair conditions that materially affect the physical health or safety of an ordinary tenant.
Illinois Safe Homes Act (765 ILCS 750)
Allows victims of domestic or sexual violence to terminate their leases early or change locks to ensure their safety.
Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 186 Section 15B
Strictly regulates the handling of security deposits, requiring they be kept in separate interest-bearing accounts.
Florida Statutes Section 83.49: Deposit Money or Advance Rent
Landlords must return security deposits within 15 to 30 days and provide written notice if they intend to keep any portion of the funds.
California Civil Code Section 1946.2: Just Cause Eviction Protections
Requires landlords to have a valid 'just cause' reason to evict tenants who have lived in a unit for at least 12 months.
Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 186, Section 15B
Strictly regulates how security deposits are handled, including mandatory escrow accounts and annual interest payments to tenants.
Texas Property Code Section 92.052: Duty to Repair or Remedy
Landlords are required to make a diligent effort to repair conditions that materially affect the physical health or safety of an ordinary tenant.
RCW 59.18.060: Landlord Duties for Maintenance and Habitability
Mandates that landlords keep premises fit for human habitation, specifically maintaining structural components and providing adequate locks.
D.C. Code Section 42-3404.02: Tenant Opportunity to Purchase Act
Before a landlord can sell a residential building, they must give the tenants an opportunity to purchase the property themselves.
California Security Deposit Return Law
Landlords must return a tenant's security deposit within 21 days of move-out, providing an itemized statement for any deductions.
Florida Three-Day Notice Requirement
Before filing for eviction due to non-payment, landlords must give tenants a written three-day notice to pay rent or vacate.
Washington State Landlord Entry Notice Law
Landlords must provide at least two days' written notice before entering a tenant's unit for repairs or inspections.
Texas Landlord Duty to Repair Law
Landlords are legally required to repair conditions that materially affect the physical health or safety of an ordinary tenant.
New Jersey Anti-Eviction Act (Good Cause Requirement)
Landlords cannot evict residential tenants without 'good cause,' such as non-payment of rent or lease violations, even after a lease expires.
Illinois Retaliatory Eviction Act
It is illegal for a landlord to evict a tenant as punishment for complaining to government agencies about building code violations.
Texas Property Code Chapter 92: Security Deposit Refund Law
Landlords in Texas must refund security deposits or provide an itemized list of deductions within 30 days of the tenant vacating.
New York Real Property Law § 235-b: Warranty of Habitability
Every residential lease in New York contains an implied promise that the premises are fit for human habitation and safe.
Illinois Rental Property Utility Service Act
Protects tenants from utility shut-offs when the landlord is responsible for payment but fails to pay the bill.
Oregon Senate Bill 608: Rent Control and No-Cause Evictions
The first statewide rent control law in the US, limiting annual rent increases and restricting 'no-cause' evictions after the first year of occupancy.
Washington Residential Landlord-Tenant Act: 14-Day Notice
Requires landlords to give tenants at least 14 days' notice to pay rent or move out before an eviction lawsuit can be filed.
Georgia Code Title 44: Landlord Disclosures
Before a tenancy begins, Georgia landlords must disclose the identity of the property owner and the person authorized to manage the property.
Fair Housing Act
Prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of dwellings based on race, color, religion, sex, familial status, or national origin.
California Tenant Protection Act of 2019
Establishes statewide rent caps and requires 'just cause' for evictions for most residential tenants.
Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019
Significantly strengthens rent stabilization laws and provides new protections for tenants across the state.
Texas Property Code Chapter 92
Regulates the rights and duties of residential landlords and tenants in Texas, including repair duties and security devices.
Florida Residential Landlord and Tenant Act
Governs residential lease agreements and the handling of security deposits in the state of Florida.
Washington Residential Landlord-Tenant Act (RLTA)
Defines the duties of landlords and tenants and provides specific timelines for repairs and deposit returns.
California Tenant Protection Act of 2019
Establishes a statewide rent cap and requires 'just cause' for evicting tenants who have lived in a unit for at least 12 months.
Texas Property Code: Security Devices
Mandates that landlords install and maintain specific security hardware on all residential rental units without the tenant needing to ask.
Illinois Safe Homes Act
Protects victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, or stalking by allowing them to change locks or end a lease early for safety reasons.
Washington Residential Landlord-Tenant Act: Habitability
Defines the 'Warranty of Habitability,' requiring landlords to keep rental units fit for human living and setting strict repair deadlines.
California Security Deposit Limitation Act (AB 12)
Starting July 1, 2024, landlords in California are generally prohibited from charging more than one month's rent as a security deposit, regardless of whether the unit is furnished or unfurnished.
Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019
This act drastically reformed New York's rent laws by making rent stabilization permanent, limiting security deposits to one month, and restricting tenant screening based on past eviction history.
Oregon Senate Bill 608 (Statewide Rent Control)
Oregon was the first state to implement a statewide rent control law, limiting annual rent increases to 7% plus the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and banning 'no-cause' evictions after the first year of occupancy.
Washington Residential Landlord-Tenant Act (Habitability Standards)
Under Washington law, landlords must maintain dwellings in a fit and habitable condition, providing essential services like heat, water, and electricity, and performing necessary repairs within specific timelines.
Texas Property Code Chapter 92 (Repair Duties)
Texas law requires landlords to make a diligent effort to repair conditions that materially affect the physical health or safety of an ordinary tenant, provided the tenant is current on rent.
Florida Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (Notice Requirements)
Florida law mandates specific notice periods for terminating tenancies and evicting tenants, including a 3-day notice for non-payment of rent and a 7-day notice for other lease violations.
California Tenant Protection Act of 2019 (AB 1482)
Establishes a statewide rent cap and requires 'just cause' for evictions for most residential tenancies.
Florida Residential Landlord and Tenant Act
Governs the rights and duties of landlords and tenants in Florida, focusing on habitability and security deposit procedures.
Texas Property Code Chapter 92 (Repair and Remedy)
Defines the specific process for how tenants in Texas can demand repairs for conditions that affect physical health or safety.
Washington Residential Landlord-Tenant Act (Right to Counsel)
Provides comprehensive tenant protections and was the first state to guarantee legal representation for indigent tenants facing eviction.
Massachusetts Security Deposit Law
One of the strictest security deposit laws in the U.S., requiring specific handling of tenant funds and documentation.
Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019
Revolutionized rent laws in New York by making rent stabilization permanent and severely limiting the ability of landlords to increase rent on vacant units.
Washington State Right to Counsel in Evictions
Guarantees that low-income tenants have access to a court-appointed attorney during eviction proceedings.
Florida Notice of Withholding Rent
Permits tenants to withhold rent if a landlord fails to maintain the premises, provided a strict 7-day written notice is given.
Leash Laws
1 EntryLending & Finance
1 EntryLicensing
1 EntryLocal Housing Standards
1 EntryMarital Agreements
1 EntryMarketing Privacy
1 EntryMarketing and Privacy
1 EntryMask Works
1 EntryMedical Malpractice
4 EntriesTexas Medical Liability Act: Expert Report
Plaintiffs must serve an expert report for each defendant physician or health care provider within 120 days of filing a suit.
Texas Non-Economic Damages Caps
Limits the amount of money a plaintiff can recover for non-monetary losses like pain and suffering.
Florida Statute of Limitations: Medical Malpractice
Sets a 2-year deadline for filing a medical malpractice claim from the date the incident was discovered.
Florida Medical Malpractice Pre-Suit Requirements
Before filing a lawsuit, a claimant must notify the defendant and conduct a good faith pre-suit investigation.
Medical Privacy
1 EntryMotorcycle Safety
1 EntryOnline Privacy
2 EntriesCalifornia Online Privacy Protection Act (CalOPPA)
Requires commercial websites and online services to post a conspicuous privacy policy if they collect personally identifiable information from Californians.
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
Regulates how online services and websites collect and use personal information from children under the age of 13.
Patent
5 EntriesLeahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
Modified the U.S. patent system from a 'first-to-invent' to a 'first-inventor-to-file' system to align with international standards.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
A major overhaul of the US patent system that switched the system from 'first-to-invent' to 'first-inventor-to-file'.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
This law updated the US patent system from a 'first-to-invent' to a 'first-inventor-to-file' system, aligning US law more closely with international standards.
The Patents Act, 1970
Governs the patent regime in India, establishing what is patentable and emphasizing that patents should encourage inventions and not just create monopolies.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
A major reform that transitioned the U.S. patent system from a 'first-to-invent' model to a 'first-inventor-to-file' model, aligning it with international standards.
Patent Law
3 EntriesPatent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
The PCT provides a unified procedure for filing patent applications to protect inventions in each of its contracting states through a single 'international' application.
Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA)
A major reform that switched the U.S. patent system from a 'first-to-invent' to a 'first-inventor-to-file' system.
Patent Law of the People's Republic of China (2020 Amendment)
Significant update to Chinese patent law introducing punitive damages and extending the duration of design patents.
Patents
1 EntryPatient Rights
6 EntriesBreach Notification Rule
Requires HIPAA covered entities to provide notification following a breach of unsecured protected health information.
Texas Medical Privacy Act (HB 300)
A state law that expands HIPAA protections, applying to any individual or entity that handles sensitive personal health information in Texas.
Florida Patient's Bill of Rights and Responsibilities
Statutory requirements for health care providers to treat patients with dignity and provide full information regarding care.
HIPAA Patient Right of Access
Mandates that individuals have a right to inspect and obtain a copy of their protected health information.
Texas Advance Directives Act
Governs the rights of patients to make decisions regarding life-sustaining treatments and end-of-life care.
HIPAA Privacy Rule: General Disclosures
Establishes national standards for the protection of certain health information, requiring covered entities to protect the privacy of PHI.
Pregnancy/Sex Discrimination
1 EntryProduct Standards
1 EntryProduct Warranties
2 EntriesMagnuson-Moss Warranty Act
The federal 'lemon law' that governs warranties on consumer products, ensuring they are transparent and easy to understand.
Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act
Federal law that governs consumer product warranties and requires manufacturers to provide detailed information about warranty coverage.
Public Health & Safety
16 EntriesPennsylvania Clean Indoor Air Act
Pennsylvania prohibits smoking in enclosed public places and workplaces, though there are specific exceptions like private clubs, certain outdoor areas, and casino floors.
Hawaii Plastic Bag Ban
Hawaii was the first state in the U.S. to fully ban the use of single-use plastic bags at grocery stores and retail checkouts.
New Hampshire Motorcycle Helmet Laws
Living up to its motto 'Live Free or Die,' New Hampshire is the only state in the country that does not require adults to wear a helmet while riding a motorcycle or a seatbelt while driving a car.
Hawaii Reef-Safe Sunscreen Law
Hawaii bans the sale and distribution of over-the-counter sunscreens containing the chemicals oxybenzone and octinoxate, which bleach and damage coral reefs.
Florida Parental Rights in Education
Often referred to by critics as the 'Don't Say Gay' bill, this law severely restricts how sexual orientation and gender identity can be taught or discussed in Florida public schools.
New Jersey Single-Use Plastic Ban
New Jersey has the strictest anti-plastic law in the US. It completely bans single-use plastic bags AND paper bags at large grocery stores, as well as polystyrene (Styrofoam) food containers.
Washington Climate Commitment Act (Cap & Invest)
Washington state enforces a strict 'Cap and Invest' program that forces major corporate polluters to buy 'allowances' for the greenhouse gases they emit, drastically driving up the cost of carbon.
California Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32)
AB 32 was a landmark 2006 law that mandated California to drastically reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by the year 2020 (a goal it met early), creating the state's massive cap-and-trade program.
Hawaii 100% Renewable Energy Law (HB 623)
Hawaii was the first U.S. state to legally commit to generating 100% of its electricity from renewable energy sources by the year 2045.
Virginia Clean Economy Act (VCEA)
The VCEA mandates that Virginia's largest utility companies transition to 100% clean, carbon-free energy by 2050, officially phasing out coal and natural gas power plants.
California Loud Muffler Law (AB 1824)
California law strictly prohibits modifying a car or motorcycle exhaust system to make it louder than the factory standard, and AB 1824 made the penalties much harsher.
Ohio Ban on Local Plastic Bag Bans
In a unique legislative move, the state of Ohio passed a law that forbids local cities and counties from banning plastic bags or charging a tax/fee on them.
Colorado Free School Meals for All
Voted in by taxpayers in 2022, this law guarantees free breakfast and lunch to every single public school student in Colorado, regardless of their family's income.
Texas Armed School Security (HB 3)
Following the Uvalde tragedy, Texas law now requires every single public school campus in the state to have at least one armed security officer present during regular school hours.
Florida Ban on Lab-Grown Meat
In 2024, Florida became the first U.S. state to completely ban the manufacturing, sale, or distribution of cultivated meat (meat grown in a lab from animal cells rather than slaughtered animals).
Vermont Universal Recycling Law (Act 148)
Vermont has the strictest waste-management law in the country, completely banning residents and businesses from throwing recyclable materials and food scraps (compost) into the regular trash.
Public Safety
3 EntriesNew York Mandatory Seat Belt Law
Every passenger in a motor vehicle, regardless of where they are sitting, must be restrained by a seat belt or appropriate child safety restraint.
Lillian's Law (Dangerous Dog Liability)
Dog owners can be charged with a felony if their dog causes serious bodily injury or death in an unprovoked attack outside the dog's secure enclosure.
NY Agriculture and Markets Law § 121
Owners are held liable for damages if their dog is found 'dangerous' after attacking a person or another domestic animal.
Real Estate & Housing
20 EntriesSecurity Deposit Return Rules in California
In California, landlords must return your security deposit within 21 days of you moving out. They must provide an itemized list of any deductions and receipts for repairs over $125.
Eviction Notice Requirements in Texas
Texas landlords must usually give you a 3-day written notice to vacate before they can file an eviction lawsuit in court. This notice can be delivered in person or via mail.
The 3-Day Eviction Notice in Florida
If you miss rent in Florida, the landlord must give you a formal 3-day notice. You have 3 business days to pay the full amount or move out before they can start a court case.
The 14-Day Security Deposit Rule in New York
In New York, non-rent stabilized landlords must return your security deposit within 14 days of you vacating. If they miss this deadline, they lose the right to keep any of the money.
Florida HOA Fine Caps & Homeowner Rights
In Florida, Homeowners Associations (HOAs) are legally capped on how much they can fine you. They generally cannot fine you more than $100 per day for a rule violation.
California Tenant Protection Act (AB 1482)
California law caps annual rent increases at 5% plus inflation (up to a maximum of 10%) and requires landlords to have a valid 'just cause' to evict tenants who have lived there for at least a year.
New York Rent Stabilization Laws
If you live in a rent-stabilized apartment in NY, your landlord can only increase your rent by a small percentage set annually by the Rent Guidelines Board, and you have the right to renew your lease.
Texas Homestead Exemption & Property Taxes
If you own a home in Texas and use it as your primary residence, you can claim a Homestead Exemption to lower your property taxes and cap how much your taxable home value can increase each year.
Florida Condo Safety & Milestone Inspections
Following the Surfside tragedy, Florida law requires older condos (30+ years) to undergo strict structural inspections and forces condo associations to fully fund their reserves for major repairs.
Chicago Landlord-Tenant Ordinance (RLTO)
The Chicago RLTO heavily protects tenants. Landlords must keep your security deposit in a separate, interest-bearing account and provide a receipt, or they face severe financial penalties.
North Carolina Retaliatory Eviction Protections
In North Carolina, a landlord cannot evict you simply because you asked for repairs or complained to a government agency about housing code violations.
Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code (USBC)
The Virginia USBC sets the minimum safety standards for the construction and maintenance of buildings, heavily impacting landlords' obligations to keep rental units safe.
California Proposition 13 (Property Tax Cap)
Proposition 13 strictly limits property taxes in California to 1% of the property's assessed value at the time of purchase and caps annual increases in that assessed value at a maximum of 2%.
Florida Foreign Land Ownership Ban (SB 264)
Florida law strictly prohibits individuals and entities associated with specific 'foreign countries of concern' (most notably China) from purchasing agricultural land or real estate near military bases and critical infrastructure.
New York Rent Control (Different from Stabilization)
Rent Control in New York is older, stricter, and much rarer than Rent Stabilization. It applies only to specific older buildings where the tenant or their family has lived continuously since before 1971.
Massachusetts Right to Shelter Law
Massachusetts is the only state in the U.S. with a comprehensive 'Right to Shelter' law, legally requiring the state government to provide emergency housing to eligible homeless families and pregnant women.
Oregon HB 2001 (End of Single-Family Zoning)
To combat the housing crisis, Oregon became the first state in the nation to effectively ban exclusive 'single-family zoning' in its major cities.
Oregon Statewide Rent Control (SB 608)
Oregon was the first state in the U.S. to implement statewide rent control, placing a strict annual cap on how much a landlord can increase your rent.
Colorado Domestic Violence Lease Termination
Colorado law provides a crucial escape hatch for victims of domestic violence, allowing them to break a residential lease early without severe financial penalties to escape their abuser.
North Dakota Anti-Corporate Farming Law
To protect family-owned farms, North Dakota strictly prohibits large corporations or limited liability companies (LLCs) from owning or operating farmland in the state.
Repairs
1 EntryRetail & Services
1 EntryRetail and Services
1 EntrySecurity Deposits
1 EntrySelf Defense & Criminal
23 EntriesTexas Castle Doctrine & Stand Your Ground
Texas law allows you to use force (including deadly force) to protect yourself in your home, vehicle, or workplace, and you are not legally required to retreat before doing so.
Texas Open Carry Handgun Laws
Texas allows the open carry of handguns by individuals who are legally allowed to possess a firearm, without requiring a License to Carry (LTC).
Pennsylvania Castle Doctrine & Stand Your Ground
In Pennsylvania, you generally have no duty to retreat before using deadly force to defend yourself against an attacker in your home, vehicle, or workplace, provided you have a legal right to be there.
Georgia Constitutional Carry Law
As of 2022, Georgia is a 'Constitutional Carry' state. This means 'lawful weapons carriers' can carry a concealed or open handgun without needing a license from the state.
Missouri Second Amendment Preservation Act (SAPA)
SAPA declared that state and local police in Missouri cannot enforce federal gun laws that the state deems 'infringements' on the Second Amendment. Note: This law has faced significant federal court challenges.
Texas Permitless Carry Law
As of 2021, Texas is a 'Constitutional Carry' state, meaning eligible adults can carry a handgun in public without needing a License to Carry (LTC), background check, or state training.
Florida 'Stand Your Ground' Law
Florida was the first state to pass a modern 'Stand Your Ground' law, eliminating the duty to retreat before using deadly force to defend yourself in any place you have a legal right to be.
Oklahoma 'Make My Day' Law
Oklahoma's 'Make My Day' law provides absolute immunity from civil and criminal liability for using deadly force against an intruder in your home, business, or vehicle.
Iowa Constitutional Carry Law
In 2021, Iowa became a 'Constitutional Carry' state, meaning adults who can legally own a firearm no longer need a state permit to carry it concealed or openly.
Mississippi Second Amendment Preservation Act
Mississippi state law prohibits state and local law enforcement from participating in the enforcement of federal executive orders or agency rules that restrict gun rights.
New York SAFE Act (Gun Control)
The NY SAFE Act is one of the strictest gun control laws in the United States, banning the sale of 'assault weapons' and high-capacity magazines, and requiring background checks for all ammunition purchases.
Virginia 'Red Flag' Law (ERPO)
Virginia's Extreme Risk Protective Order (ERPO) law allows police and courts to temporarily confiscate firearms from individuals who are deemed a significant danger to themselves or others.
Hawaii Gun Laws (Permit to Acquire)
Hawaii has some of the lowest gun violence rates in the U.S., largely due to having some of the strictest gun control laws, requiring a police-issued permit for every single firearm purchase.
Florida Risk Protection Orders (Red Flag Law)
Passed immediately after the Parkland school shooting, this law allows police to temporarily confiscate guns and ammunition from people deemed a high risk to themselves or others.
New York Concealed Carry Improvement Act (CCIA)
After the Supreme Court struck down NY's old gun permit law in 2022, NY passed the CCIA. It makes getting a permit possible but strictly bans carrying guns in massive 'sensitive locations' and on all private property unless explicitly permitted.
Washington Assault Weapon Ban (HB 1240)
In 2023, Washington State passed one of the strictest gun control laws in the U.S., completely banning the sale, manufacture, and importation of 'assault weapons.'
Ohio Constitutional Carry Law (SB 215)
As of 2022, Ohio is a 'Constitutional Carry' state. Eligible adults can carry a concealed handgun without needing a license or taking mandatory safety training.
Illinois Firearm Concealed Carry Act
Illinois was the last state in the U.S. to legalize the concealed carry of firearms. The state requires a rigorous application process and mandates strict 'gun-free zones.'
New Jersey 'Ghost Gun' Ban
New Jersey legally criminalizes the purchasing, manufacturing, and possession of 'ghost guns'—untraceable firearms built from kits or created with 3D printers.
Florida Permitless Concealed Carry
As of July 2023, Florida allows anyone who meets the legal requirements for gun ownership to carry a concealed firearm without a government-issued permit or mandatory training.
Alabama Permitless Concealed Carry
As of 2023, Alabama no longer requires a state permit or background check to carry a concealed handgun in public, joining over two dozen other 'Constitutional Carry' states.
South Dakota Constitutional Carry
South Dakota allows adults who are not prohibited from owning a firearm to carry a concealed handgun without needing a state permit or passing a background check.
New Hampshire Constitutional Carry
In line with its 'Live Free or Die' motto, New Hampshire repealed its concealed carry permit requirement in 2017, allowing anyone who can legally own a gun to carry it concealed.
Self-Defense
8 EntriesTexas Castle Doctrine and Use of Force
Establishes a presumption that force is reasonable when defending one's occupied habitation, vehicle, or place of business.
California Justifiable Homicide Law
Defines homicide as justifiable when committed in defense of self or others against a person intending to commit a felony or cause great injury.
Ohio Burden of Proof in Self-Defense
Shifts the burden to the prosecution to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that a person did not act in self-defense.
Michigan Self-Defense Act
Provides that an individual who is not engaged in a crime may use deadly force anywhere they have a legal right to be, with no duty to retreat.
Deadly Force in Defense of Person
Texas law recognizes the 'Castle Doctrine,' meaning there is no duty to retreat before using deadly force if you are in your home, vehicle, or place of business.
Florida Stand Your Ground
A person has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand their ground and meet force with force, including deadly force, if they reasonably believe it is necessary to prevent death or great bodily harm.
Self-Defense and No Duty to Retreat
California does not have a 'Stand Your Ground' statute, but state jury instructions and case law establish that a person has no duty to retreat if they are resisting a forcible and atrocious crime.
Protection of Property at Nighttime
Unique to Texas, deadly force may be justified to prevent the imminent commission of arson, burglary, robbery, or theft during the nighttime, or to prevent a suspect from fleeing with property.
Self-Defense Law
52 EntriesNew York Justification and Duty to Retreat
Deadly physical force is only justified if the person reasonably believes the other person is using or about to use deadly force and they cannot retreat with complete safety.
Florida Justifiable Use of Force Statute
Florida law allows individuals to use deadly force if they reasonably believe it's necessary to prevent death or great bodily harm, without a legal duty to retreat from any place they have a right to be.
Texas Penal Code Section 9.32: Deadly Force
Provides the conditions under which deadly force is justified to protect oneself or others, including a 'Castle Doctrine' provision for homes, vehicles, and workplaces.
New York Penal Law Section 35.15: Justification
New York requires individuals to retreat from a confrontation if they can do so with 'complete safety' before using deadly force, except when in their own home.
UK Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008, Section 76
Clarifies the common law defense of self-defense, emphasizing that a person is judged based on the circumstances as they honestly believed them to be.
Canada Criminal Code Section 34: Self-defence
Consolidates self-defense laws into a single framework focusing on whether the act was reasonable under the circumstances.
Florida Justifiable Use of Force
Florida law allows individuals to use or threaten to use force, including deadly force, if they reasonably believe it is necessary to prevent death or great bodily harm, with no duty to retreat if they are in a place they have a right to be.
Texas Castle Doctrine and Self-Defense
Texas law presumes the use of force is reasonable if an individual is defending against someone unlawfully entering their home, vehicle, or place of business.
New York Defense of Justification
In New York, a person may use physical force for self-defense, but there is a duty to retreat before using deadly force unless they are in their own home or cannot safely retreat.
Ohio SB 175 (Stand Your Ground Expansion)
Effective in 2021, Ohio law removed the duty to retreat before using force in self-defense for anyone who is in a place they are lawfully allowed to be.
Pennsylvania Use of Force in Self-Protection
Pennsylvania law permits the use of force when the actor believes it is immediately necessary for the purpose of protecting himself against the use of unlawful force.
California Justifiable Homicide Law
Homicide is justifiable when committed in self-defense or in defense of another, provided there is a reasonable ground to apprehend a design to commit a felony or to do some great bodily injury.
Florida Stand Your Ground Law
A person has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand their ground and use force, including deadly force, if they reasonably believe it is necessary to prevent death or great bodily harm.
Texas Deadly Force in Defense of Person
Deadly force is justified to protect oneself against another's use or attempted use of unlawful deadly force, or to prevent the imminent commission of specific violent crimes.
New York Justification in Self-Defense
New York requires a duty to retreat in many circumstances before using deadly physical force, unless the person is in their own home or is preventing certain violent crimes.
California Justifiable Homicide Statute
Homicide is justifiable when committed in defense of habitation, property, or person against one who intends by violence to commit a felony.
Ohio Self-Defense Burden of Proof Shift
Once a defendant provides evidence of self-defense, the prosecution must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant did not act in self-defense.
Oklahoma Stand Your Ground and Castle Doctrine
Provides that any occupant of a dwelling, vehicle, or business has the right to use physical force, including deadly force, against an intruder who is in the process of entering or has entered unlawfully.
Florida Justifiable Use of Force
Commonly known as the 'Stand Your Ground' law, it allows individuals to use deadly force if they reasonably believe it is necessary to prevent imminent death or great bodily harm without a duty to retreat.
Texas Penal Code Section 9.31 (Self-Defense)
Provides the 'Castle Doctrine' framework where force is presumed reasonable against someone unlawfully entering an occupied home, vehicle, or place of business.
Colorado Use of Deadly Physical Force Against an Intruder
Known as the 'Make My Day' law, it permits occupants of a dwelling to use force, including deadly force, against an intruder who has made an unlawful entry.
Ohio Revised Code 2901.05
Expands self-defense rights by removing the duty to retreat for anyone who is in a place they are legally allowed to be before using force.
Michigan Self-Defense Act
Codifies the right to use force without retreating for individuals who are not committing a crime and are in a place they have a legal right to be.
California Judicial Council Instruction 3470
In California, case law and jury instructions establish that a person threatened with an attack does not need to retreat and may pursue the assailant until the danger has passed.
Florida Justifiable Use of Force (Stand Your Ground)
Individuals have no duty to retreat and can use even deadly force if they reasonably believe it is necessary to prevent death or great bodily harm.
Texas Deadly Force in Defense of Person
Authorizes the use of deadly force to protect oneself against another's use or attempted use of unlawful deadly force or to prevent certain violent crimes.
Ohio Burden of Proof for Self-Defense
In self-defense cases, the prosecution must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant did not act in self-defense, provided there is some evidence the defendant acted in self-defense.
New York Justification for Use of Physical Force
New York law allows the use of physical force for self-defense but generally imposes a 'duty to retreat' if the person can do so with complete safety, except in their own home.
Kentucky Use of Physical Force in Self-Protection
Kentucky provides broad self-defense protections, including immunity from civil and criminal actions if the use of force was justified under the statute.
Oklahoma Physical or Deadly Force Against Intruder
Also known as the 'Make My Day' law, it grants occupants of a dwelling the right to use deadly force against an unlawful intruder without a duty to retreat.
Michigan Self-Defense Act (Public Act 309)
An individual may use deadly force anywhere they have a legal right to be, with no duty to retreat, if they honestly and reasonably believe it is necessary to prevent death, great bodily harm, or sexual assault.
Washington Lawful Use of Force
Force is not unlawful when used by a person about to be injured, or by someone aiding them, provided the force is not more than is necessary.
Georgia Justification for Use of Force
A person is justified in using force intended to cause death or great bodily harm only if they reasonably believe such force is necessary to prevent death or a forcible felony.
Massachusetts Castle Doctrine
A lawful occupant of a dwelling is not required to retreat from an unlawful intruder before using reasonable force, including deadly force, if they believe the intruder intends to cause great bodily injury.
Kentucky Use of Physical Force in Self-Protection
The use of physical force is justifiable when the defendant believes it is necessary to protect against the use or imminent use of unlawful physical force by another person.
Alabama Immunity from Prosecution for Self-Defense
A person who uses force as justified under the law is immune from criminal prosecution and civil action, unless the person against whom force was used was a law enforcement officer.
Texas Castle Doctrine and Use of Deadly Force
Texas law presumes a person's use of force is reasonable if someone is unlawfully and with force entering or attempting to enter the person's occupied habitation, vehicle, or place of business.
California Home Protection Bill of Rights
Any person using force intended or likely to cause death or great bodily injury within their residence shall be presumed to have held a reasonable fear of imminent peril of death or great bodily injury.
Ohio No Duty to Retreat Law
Effective in 2021, Ohio expanded its self-defense laws to remove the requirement that a person must retreat before using force in any place they are lawfully present.
Kentucky Justifiable Use of Force and Immunity
Kentucky provides statutory immunity from criminal prosecution and civil action for the use of force in self-defense, and prevents police from arresting someone unless there is probable cause that the force was unlawful.
Indiana Defense Against Unlawful Entry by Public Servants
A person is justified in using reasonable force against a public servant if the person reasonably believes the public servant is acting unlawfully or it is necessary to prevent an unlawful entry into the person's home.
Florida Stand Your Ground Law
A person has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand their ground and use force, including deadly force, if they reasonably believe it is necessary to prevent death or great bodily harm.
Texas Justifiable Use of Deadly Force
Outlines specific conditions under which deadly force is justified, including the prevention of violent felonies such as aggravated kidnapping, murder, sexual assault, or robbery.
Ohio Burden of Proof in Self-Defense Cases
In Ohio, if a defendant provides evidence of self-defense, the prosecution must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant did not act in self-defense.
New York Justification: Use of Physical Force
New York law allows the use of physical force for defense but imposes a duty to retreat in public if the person knows they can avoid the use of deadly force with complete safety.
Georgia Justifiable Use of Force in Defense of Others
Georgia law justifies the use of force, including deadly force, to protect oneself or a third party from the imminent use of unlawful force or to prevent a forcible felony.
California Justifiable Homicide
California statute defines homicide as justifiable when committed in defense of habitation, property, or person against one who intends to commit a felony or do great bodily injury.
Florida Justifiable Use of Force Statute
Commonly known as the 'Stand Your Ground' law, this statute allows individuals to use deadly force without a duty to retreat if they reasonably believe it is necessary to prevent death or great bodily harm.
Section 3 of the Criminal Law Act 1967
Provides a statutory framework for using reasonable force in the prevention of crime or in effecting a lawful arrest.
Canada Criminal Code Section 34 (Self-defence)
Defines the circumstances under which a person is not guilty of an offense if they use force to defend themselves or another person.
New York Penal Law Section 35.15
Establishes a duty to retreat in New York before using deadly physical force, unless the person is in their own home or cannot retreat safely.
Ohio Revised Code Section 2307.601
Provides civil immunity for individuals who use force in self-defense under specific 'Stand Your Ground' conditions.
Service Animals
1 EntrySmall Business Regulation
6 EntriesAmericans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA)
Prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in employment, public services, public accommodations, and other areas.
Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. Chapter 14A)
Establishes the Small Business Administration (SBA) and provides programs, policies, and assistance for small businesses.
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
Imposes requirements on operators of commercial websites and online services directed to children under 13 or that knowingly collect information from them.
CAN-SPAM Act of 2003
Sets rules for commercial email, giving recipients the right to stop receiving unwanted emails, and outlines penalties for violations.
Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA)
Requires covered employers to provide eligible employees with job-protected, unpaid leave for qualified medical and family reasons.
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
Establishes minimum wage, overtime pay, recordkeeping, and child labor standards for most private and public sector employees.
State - Liability
1 EntryState - Operations
1 EntryState - Privacy
3 EntriesFlorida Statute § 934.50: Freedom from Unwanted Surveillance Act
Prohibits the use of drones to record images of privately owned real property or owners with intent to conduct surveillance.
Texas Government Code Chapter 423: Operation of Unmanned Aircraft
Lists specific lawful and unlawful 'capturing of images' by drones over private property.
North Carolina G.S. § 15A-300.1
Restricts the use of unmanned aircraft for surveillance by both private citizens and law enforcement.
State Law
8 EntriesCalifornia Rosenthal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act
Expands federal FDCPA protections to include original creditors, not just third-party agencies.
Texas Debt Collection Act
Prohibits the use of fraudulent, deceptive, or misleading representations and provides for a surety bond requirement for agencies.
Florida Consumer Collection Practices Act (FCCPA)
Provides broader protections than the federal FDCPA, specifically regarding employer contact.
New York Consumer Credit Fairness Act
Reduced the statute of limitations for debt collection lawsuits from six years to three years.
Washington Collection Agency Act (WCAA)
Prohibits adding excessive fees and regulates how agencies must identify themselves.
North Carolina Debt Collection Act
Prohibits specific 'unfair' practices, including threatening to report a consumer to a credit bureau without doing so.
West Virginia Consumer Credit and Protection Act (WVCCPA)
One of the most consumer-friendly laws in the nation, offering high statutory penalties for harassment.
Massachusetts Debt Collection Regulations
Strict limits on the number of times a collector can call a consumer in a single week.
Surveillance and Recording
10 EntriesMaryland Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings § 10-402
Maryland is an all-party consent state for recording oral, wire, and electronic communications.
Revised Code of Washington Section 9.73.030
Washington state requires the consent of all parties for the recording of private conversations.
18 Pa. C.S. Section 5703
Pennsylvania law makes it a felony to intercept or record a phone call or in-person conversation unless all parties consent.
California Penal Code Section 632
California is a two-party (all-party) consent state, making it illegal to record confidential communications without the consent of everyone involved.
Florida Statutes Section 934.03
Florida requires all parties to consent to the recording of an oral or electronic communication where there is an expectation of privacy.
720 ILCS 5/14-2
Illinois law prohibits the recording of any conversation unless all parties involved give their consent.
Michigan Compiled Laws Section 750.539c
Michigan's eavesdropping statute prohibits recording a private conversation without the consent of all participants.
N.H. Rev. Stat. Section 570-A:2
New Hampshire is an all-party consent state, requiring everyone in a conversation to agree to a recording.
Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 272 Section 99
Massachusetts strictly prohibits the secret recording of any wire or oral communication without the consent of all parties.
Montana Code Annotated Section 45-8-213
Montana law generally requires the knowledge of all parties before a conversation can be recorded.
Telemarketing
2 EntriesTelephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA)
The TCPA limits telemarketing calls and the use of automatic dialing systems and artificial voices.
Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA)
Restricts telemarketing calls and the use of automated telephone dialing systems and artificial or prerecorded voice messages.
Tenant Rights - Eviction
10 EntriesNew York Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019 - Eviction Notice Periods
Mandates specific notice periods before an eviction case can proceed and sets rules for warrant execution.
Washington Residential Landlord-Tenant Act (RLTA) - 14-Day Notice to Pay or Vacate
Requires landlords to provide a 14-day notice to pay rent or vacate the premises for non-payment.
Oregon Senate Bill 608 - Limitations on No-Cause Evictions
Prohibits 'no-cause' evictions after the first year of occupancy, except in specific situations like landlord family move-in or property sale, often requiring relocation assistance.
Chicago Residential Landlord and Tenant Ordinance (RLTO) - Prohibition Against Retaliatory Conduct
Prevents landlords from evicting tenants in retaliation for exercising their legal rights or making legitimate complaints.
Colorado Revised Statutes - Notice for Curable Lease Violations
Requires landlords to provide specific notice periods and allow tenants to cure certain lease violations before an eviction can proceed.
Massachusetts General Laws - Owner Occupancy Eviction Limitations in Larger Buildings
Restricts 'no-fault' evictions, particularly for owner-occupancy reasons, in buildings with more than 3 units, requiring specific conditions or lease terms.
Maryland Governor's Emergency Powers - Eviction Moratoriums
State governors or legislatures have the power to enact temporary moratoriums on evictions during declared states of emergency to protect public health and safety.
California Tenant Protection Act of 2019 (AB 1482) - Just Cause Eviction
Landlords must have a 'just cause' to evict tenants who have lived in a unit for 12 months or more.
Texas Property Code - Prohibition of Self-Help Evictions
Strictly prohibits landlords from using 'self-help' methods to evict tenants, such as changing locks, removing doors, or shutting off utilities.
Florida Residential Landlord and Tenant Act - Proper Notice for Eviction
Outlines specific notice requirements (e.g., 3-day for non-payment, 7-day for curable lease violations) before a landlord can file an eviction lawsuit.
Tethering/Restraint
1 EntryToxic Substances
1 EntryTrade Practices
1 EntryTrade Secret
4 EntriesDefend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
Allows owners of trade secrets to sue in federal court for misappropriation, providing a uniform federal standard for protection.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
A federal law that allows companies to sue in federal court for the misappropriation of trade secrets.
Uniform Trade Secrets Act (UTSA)
A model law adopted by most US states to provide a legal framework for protecting commercial secrets and defining what constitutes theft of those secrets.
Economic Espionage Act (EEA)
Federal legislation that makes the theft or misappropriation of trade secrets a federal crime, especially when it benefits a foreign government.
Trade Secret Law
2 EntriesEconomic Espionage Act of 1996 (EEA)
A federal law that makes the theft or misappropriation of trade secrets a federal crime, especially when it benefits a foreign entity.
Defend Trade Secrets Act (DTSA)
A federal law that allows owners of trade secrets to sue in federal court when their secrets have been misappropriated.
Trade Secrets
2 EntriesEconomic Espionage Act of 1996
A federal law that criminalizes the theft or misappropriation of trade secrets, particularly for the benefit of foreign entities.
Economic Espionage Act of 1996
A federal law that criminalizes the theft or misappropriation of trade secrets, particularly for the benefit of foreign governments or for commercial advantage.
Trademark
6 EntriesLanham Act (Trademark Act of 1946)
The primary federal law governing trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition in the United States.
Lanham Act (The Trademark Act of 1946)
This is the primary federal law governing trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition, establishing the system for federal trademark registration.
Trademark Dilution Revision Act (TDRA)
Allows owners of famous trademarks to prevent others from using similar marks in a way that reduces the distinctiveness of the famous mark, even without consumer confusion.
Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act (ACPA)
A law designed to prevent 'cybersquatting,' which is the practice of registering internet domain names that are identical or confusingly similar to trademarks with the intent to profit from them.
Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act (ACPA)
Protects trademark owners against individuals who register internet domain names in bad faith to profit from the goodwill of those trademarks.
Trademark Dilution Revision Act of 2006
Strengthens the ability of owners of famous trademarks to prevent uses that weaken the distinctiveness or reputation of their marks.
Trademark Law
3 EntriesThe Lanham Act (Trademark Act of 1946)
The primary federal trademark statute in the U.S. that governs trademarks, service marks, and unfair competition.
Trade Marks Act 1994
The primary legislation governing trademarks in the UK, implementing EU directives at the time to harmonize registration and infringement standards.
European Union Trade Mark Regulation (EUTMR)
A unified system of trademark registration that provides protection across all member states of the European Union through a single application.
Trademarks
1 EntryTraffic Enforcement
1 EntryTraffic Law
67 EntriesFlorida Move Over Law
Drivers must vacate the lane closest to stationary emergency vehicles, tow trucks, and utility vehicles, or slow down significantly if lane changes are unsafe.
New York School Bus Passing Law
It is illegal to pass a stopped school bus from either direction when its red lights are flashing and the stop arm is extended.
Texas Open Container Law
Prohibits the possession of an open container of alcohol in the passenger area of a motor vehicle on a public highway, regardless of whether the vehicle is moving or stopped.
California Motorcycle Lane Splitting Law
Explicitly authorizes 'lane splitting,' where two-wheeled motorcycles may drive between rows of stopped or moving vehicles in the same lane.
Ontario Stunt Driving and Street Racing Law
Prohibits driving 40km/h over the limit (in zones under 80km/h) or 50km/h over the limit, and other 'stunts' like lifting tires off the road.
Georgia Hands-Free Act
Prohibits drivers from holding a wireless telecommunications device or stand-alone electronic device with any part of their body while operating a motor vehicle.
Florida Move Over Law
Drivers must vacate the lane closest to stopped law enforcement, emergency, sanitation, utility service, and disabled motor vehicles.
Illinois Scott's Law
Requires drivers to change lanes or slow down when approaching any vehicle with hazard lights or emergency lights flashing on the side of the road.
Florida Open Container Law
Prohibits the possession of an open alcoholic beverage container in the passenger area of a motor vehicle or on the person while in a vehicle.
California Move Over Law
Drivers must move over a lane or slow down significantly when approaching stationary emergency vehicles or tow trucks with flashing lights on the highway.
Georgia Super Speeder Law
Drivers convicted of speeding at 75 mph or more on a two-lane road, or 85 mph or more on any road, must pay an additional state fee.
New York Handheld Device Law
It is illegal to use a handheld mobile telephone or electronic device while operating a motor vehicle on public highways.
Texas Lane Splitting Prohibition
Motorcyclists are prohibited from operating between lanes of traffic or sharing a lane with another vehicle, codified in 2023 to clarify previous ambiguity.
California Move Over Law
Drivers must move over a lane or slow down significantly when approaching stationary emergency vehicles or tow trucks with flashing lights on the side of a highway.
Florida Open Container Law
It is illegal to possess an open container of an alcoholic beverage or consume alcohol while operating a vehicle or while a passenger in a vehicle on a public highway.
New York Distracted Driving Law
Drivers are prohibited from using handheld mobile telephones or portable electronic devices to talk, text, or view images while the vehicle is in motion.
Texas Lane Splitting Prohibition
Motorcyclists are prohibited from operating between lanes of traffic or sharing a lane with another vehicle, with specific exceptions for police officers.
Georgia Super Speeder Law
Any driver convicted of speeding at 75 mph or more on a two-lane road, or 85 mph or more on any road in Georgia, must pay a state-mandated fee in addition to local fines.
Illinois Scott's Law
Requires motorists to slow down and, if safe, change lanes when approaching any vehicle with hazard lights or emergency lights flashing on the side of the road.
California Hands-Free Driving Law
Drivers are prohibited from holding a wireless telephone or electronic wireless communications device while operating a motor vehicle unless it is used in a hands-free manner.
New York Move Over Law
Drivers must slow down and move to another lane when approaching stationary emergency vehicles, hazard vehicles, or any vehicle displayed with warning lights on the side of the road.
Georgia Super Speeder Law
Any driver convicted of speeding at 75 mph or more on a two-lane road, or 85 mph or more on any road or highway in Georgia, is designated a 'Super Speeder' and must pay an extra state fee.
Lisa Torry Smith Act (Texas Pedestrian Safety)
Drivers must stop and yield the right-of-way to pedestrians in crosswalks if the pedestrian is in the same half of the roadway or approaching closely from the opposite side.
Illinois Scott's Law
Drivers must change lanes or reduce speed when approaching any stationary vehicle with hazard lights or emergency lights activated.
Florida Open Container Law
It is illegal to possess an open container of an alcoholic beverage or consume an alcoholic beverage while operating a vehicle or while a passenger in a vehicle on a public road.
Florida Move Over Law
Drivers must move over one lane for stopped emergency, utility, and sanitation vehicles, or slow down to 20 mph below the speed limit if moving over is unsafe.
California Basic Speed Law
Drivers are prohibited from driving at a speed that is faster than is reasonable or prudent based on current weather, visibility, and traffic conditions, regardless of the posted limit.
Florida Move Over Law
Drivers must vacate the lane closest to stationary emergency, utility, or sanitation vehicles with flashing lights; if unable to move over, they must slow to 20 mph below the posted limit.
NYC Right Turn on Red Prohibition
Unlike most of the United States, turning right on a red light is strictly prohibited within the five boroughs of New York City unless a sign specifically authorizes the turn.
Texas Texting While Driving Ban
It is illegal to use a portable wireless communication device to read, write, or send an electronic message while operating a motor vehicle unless the vehicle is stopped.
California Lane Splitting Law
California law defines lane splitting as a motorcycle operating between rows of stopped or moving vehicles and grants the Highway Patrol authority to develop safety guidelines.
Ohio Assured Clear Distance Ahead (ACDA)
Drivers must maintain enough distance between their vehicle and the object in front of them to allow for a safe stop if the front object stops suddenly.
California Hands-Free Mobile Device Law
Drivers are prohibited from holding or operating a wireless telephone or electronic communication device unless it is used in a hands-free manner.
Florida Move Over Law
Drivers must vacate the lane closest to stationary emergency, sanitation, or utility vehicles, or slow down significantly if moving over is unsafe.
Texas Open Container Law
It is illegal to possess an open container of alcohol in the passenger area of a motor vehicle on a public highway, regardless of whether the vehicle is moving or parked.
New York Lane Splitting Prohibition
Motorcyclists are prohibited from operating a vehicle between lanes of traffic or between adjacent lines or rows of vehicles.
Georgia Super Speeder Law
Drivers convicted of speeding at 75 mph or more on a two-lane road, or 85 mph or more on any road in Georgia, must pay an extra fee to the state.
Michigan No-Fault Insurance Law
Michigan requires every vehicle owner to purchase no-fault automobile insurance, which pays for medical expenses regardless of who caused the accident.
California Basic Speed Law
You may never drive faster than is safe for current conditions, regardless of the posted speed limit.
Florida Move Over Law
Drivers must vacate the lane closest to stopped emergency, utility, or hazard vehicles, or slow down significantly if they cannot change lanes.
Texas Implied Consent Law
By operating a motor vehicle in a public place, you automatically consent to a breath or blood test if arrested for DWI.
New York Prohibition on Handheld Device Use
Drivers are prohibited from holding a mobile telephone or portable electronic device while the vehicle is in motion.
Washington Keep Right Except to Pass Law
On highways with two or more lanes, vehicles must stay in the right-hand lane except when overtaking or passing.
Arizona Lane Filtering Law
Motorcyclists may pass between stopped vehicles on roads with a speed limit of 45 mph or less, provided the motorcycle speed does not exceed 15 mph.
California Vehicle Code Section 22450
Drivers must bring their vehicle to a complete stop at the limit line or before entering a crosswalk at a stop sign.
Georgia Super Speeder Law
Drivers convicted of speeding at 75 mph or more on two-lane roads, or 85 mph or more on any road, are designated 'Super Speeders'.
Illinois Scott's Law
Drivers approaching any vehicle with hazard lights or emergency lights must slow down and move to another lane if safe to do so.
New York Implied Consent Law
By operating a motor vehicle in New York, you are deemed to have given consent to a chemical test of breath, blood, or urine to determine alcohol or drug content.
Michigan No-Fault Insurance Act
In the event of an accident, each driver's insurance pays for their own medical expenses regardless of who was at fault.
Virginia Reckless Driving by Speed
Exceeding the speed limit by 20 mph or more, or driving over 85 mph regardless of the limit, is considered a criminal misdemeanor.
California Lane Splitting Law
Allows motorcycles to drive between rows of stopped or moving vehicles in the same lane provided it is done in a safe and prudent manner.
Texas Open Container Law
It is illegal to knowingly possess an open container of alcohol in the passenger area of a motor vehicle located on a public highway, whether moving or parked.
New York School Bus Passing Law
Drivers must stop for a school bus that has its red lights flashing and stop arm extended, regardless of which direction they are traveling or if the road is divided.
Georgia Super Speeder Law
Drivers convicted of speeding at 75 mph or more on a two-lane road, or 85 mph or more on any road in Georgia, must pay an additional state fee.
Nevada Distracted Driving Law
Prohibits the use of a handheld wireless communications device to type, send/read data, or talk while operating a motor vehicle.
California Basic Speed Law
Drivers must not operate a vehicle faster than is safe for current weather, visibility, and traffic conditions, regardless of the posted speed limit.
Ontario Stunt Driving and Racing Law
Prohibits stunt driving, including driving 40km/h or more over the limit in zones under 80km/h, or 50km/h over in higher speed zones.
UK Road Traffic Act: Driving Under the Influence
It is a criminal offense to drive or be in charge of a motor vehicle with alcohol levels above the prescribed limit in breath, blood, or urine.
Illinois Move Over Law (Scott's Law)
Drivers approaching any vehicle with hazard lights or emergency lights must slow down and, if safe, change lanes to leave a buffer zone.
Ohio Financial Responsibility Law
No person shall operate a motor vehicle without proving they can pay for damages they might cause; typically achieved through liability insurance.
Virginia Reckless Driving by Speed
Driving more than 20 mph over the speed limit or in excess of 85 mph is automatically classified as a criminal misdemeanor, not a simple traffic infraction.
Georgia Super Speeder Law
Imposes an additional $200 state fee on drivers convicted of speeding at 75 mph or more on two-lane roads, or 85 mph or more on any road or highway in Georgia.
Virginia Reckless Driving by Speed
Classifies driving 20 mph or more over the speed limit, or in excess of 85 mph regardless of the limit, as a criminal Class 1 misdemeanor.
Oregon Bicycle Safety Stop Law
Permits persons operating bicycles to treat stop signs and flashing red lights as yield signs, provided they slow to a safe speed and check for traffic.
Ontario Stunt Driving Regulations
Targets 'stunt driving' which includes speeding by 40 km/h or more in zones under 80 km/h, or 50 km/h or more in zones 80 km/h or higher.
Colorado Marijuana Impaired Driving Law
Sets a 'per se' limit for THC; if a driver's blood contains 5 nanograms or more of Delta-9 THC, a jury can infer the driver was under the influence.
Michigan No-Fault Insurance Reform
Mandates that every driver carry auto insurance that pays for medical expenses regardless of who caused the accident, while allowing drivers to choose different levels of coverage.
Traffic Safety
3 EntriesTexas School Bus Passing Law
Drivers must stop when approaching a school bus that has its red lights flashing and stop arm extended, and may not proceed until the bus moves or the signals are deactivated.
Florida Move Over Law
Drivers must move over one lane or slow down to 20 mph below the speed limit when approaching stopped emergency, utility, or sanitation vehicles with flashing lights.
Illinois Scott's Law
Drivers must slow down and change lanes when approaching any vehicle with its hazard lights flashing on the side of the road.
Traffic and Driving
8 EntriesTexas Open Container Law
It is illegal to possess an open alcoholic beverage container in a vehicle's passenger area on a public highway in Texas.
Oregon Vulnerable Roadway User Law
Imposes stricter penalties for drivers who seriously injure or kill vulnerable roadway users due to traffic violations.
Arizona 'Move Over' Law
Drivers must move a lane over or slow down when approaching a stopped emergency or specified utility vehicle with flashing lights.
Illinois Scott's Law (Move Over Law)
Requires drivers to reduce speed and change lanes when approaching stopped emergency or maintenance vehicles with flashing lights.
California Hands-Free Driving Law
Drivers must use hands-free devices for cell phone calls and cannot hold a mobile device or text while driving.
Florida Wireless Communications While Driving Law
Prohibits manually typing or sending texts while driving, and holding a wireless device in a hand in school or work zones.
Pennsylvania 'Steer Clear' Law (Move Over Law)
Requires drivers to move over or slow down for any authorized emergency vehicle or disabled vehicle with flashing lights.
Georgia Super Speeder Law
Imposes an additional state fee of $200 for drivers convicted of speeding at excessively high rates.
Traffic and Driving (DUI)
2 EntriesNew York Leandra's Law (Child Endangerment in DWI)
Driving while intoxicated or impaired with a child under 16 in the vehicle is a felony offense in New York.
Washington State Per Se DUI for Cannabis
It is illegal to drive with 5 nanograms or more of active THC per milliliter of blood, regardless of perceived impairment.
Turning Regulations
1 EntryWarranties
1 EntryWaste Management
3 EntriesNew York State Bag Waste Reduction Act
Prohibits all persons required to collect New York State sales tax from providing plastic carryout bags to customers, with specific exemptions for produce or pharmacy bags.
Food Donation and Food Scraps Recycling Law
Businesses generating an average of 2 tons of food scraps per week must donate excess edible food and recycle all remaining scraps if a recycler is within 25 miles.
Organic Waste Methane Emissions Reduction (SB 1383)
Requires all businesses to subscribe to organic waste collection services or self-haul organic waste to a recycling facility to reduce methane emissions from landfills.
Water Protection
1 EntryWater Quality
1 EntryWorkplace Harassment
2 EntriesNew York Labor Law Section 201-g
Mandates that every employer in NY State must adopt a sexual harassment prevention policy and provide annual training for all employees.
California SB 1343 Sexual Harassment Training Law
Requires all employers with 5 or more employees to provide sexual harassment prevention training to all staff.